Send your good work in the knowledge base is simple. Use the form below
Students, graduate students, young scientists who use the knowledge base in their studies and work will be very grateful to you.
Similar documents
Progressive and regressive stages of professional development of the individual. Professional self-determination of the individual during youth. The process of professional self-determination. Professional counseling within the framework of school career guidance.
course work, added 07/02/2008
Professional self-determination of students in the theory and practice of education, its socio-pedagogical foundations. Profile training as a means of differentiation and individualization of training. Delivery methods psychological assistance when choosing a profession.
course work, added 12/20/2010
Age-related features of the formation of a teenager’s personality. Motivation of senior schoolchildren in choosing a profession. Study of the problem of professional self-determination in early youth. Forms of career guidance in choosing a profession for high school students.
course work, added 03/28/2016
Professional self-determination of young people as the basis for professional choice. Methodological basis for studying this process. Features of professional self-determination of youth. Directions for career guidance for youth and ways to improve it.
course work, added 06/17/2017
Career guidance as a complex of psychological and pedagogical measures aimed at the professional self-determination of a schoolchild. Forms and methods of school career guidance, its goals and objectives. Analysis of the practice of psychological counseling of adolescents in 9th grade.
abstract, added 01/22/2015
Foundations of student’s professional self-determination. Psychological characteristics of adolescence and early adolescence. Students' choice of profession. Specifics of career counseling. Scheme of constructing a professional consulting event.
course work, added 05/03/2003
course work, added 10/05/2009
Studying and diagnosing the diversity of people’s professional interests is a task no less important than drawing up classifications of professions; more precisely, these two tasks determine one another: after all, motives, as we know, arise within the framework of already existing activities, and the more new professions become, the more diverse and professional preferences of people.
The study of professional interests is accompanied by two methodological difficulties: firstly, people often have insufficient information about existing professions, secondly, there are social stereotypes and family scenarios that preliminarily limit a person in expressing his preferences (for example, a young man who loves small children most likely will not want to work as a teacher in a kindergarten).
One of the first attempts to study professional orientation was made in 1920 by E. Strong, who created a special method for diagnosing the interests of Blank Strong. In 1974, the methodology was significantly revised, as a result of which it began to make it possible to diagnose a person’s preferences in five areas related to the profession: these are the professions themselves (presented in accordance with awareness), educational subjects (thanks to which career guidance arises), individual actions (for example, public speaking, watch repair), entertainment and everyday communication with people (the very old, representatives of risky professions, etc.).
The results indicate a person’s propensity for one of the six groups of professions identified by J. Holland: these are practical, research, artistic, social, entrepreneurial and conventional professions. Based on the fact that within each professional group several variants of professional activity coexist, the methodology also includes a scale that records academic orientation (the desire to continue one’s education) and an extroversion-introversion scale that diagnoses the attitude towards people and the subject’s ability to establish contact with them, which also important for orientation within this type of profession.
Another attempt to study professional interests was reflected in the family of questionnaires developed by G. Kuder, which are based on measuring the correspondence of the structure of the respondent’s interests with the interests inherent in the professional reference group. Kuder identified ten areas of interest: outdoor activities, technical, computing, educational, artistic, literary, musical, social and clerical professional activities, which formed these groups based on their empirical content (theoretically, these groups could be balanced and subordinated somewhat differently , but then it would be a classification of professions).
Professional interests
| 1 | Ability to process materials |
| 2 | A penchant for business contacts |
| 3 | Tendency to uncreative work |
| 4 | Tendency to moral education of people |
| 5 | Tendency to take special care of one's prestige |
| 6 | Tendency to intellectual activity related to communication |
| 7 | Propensity for scientific and technical activities |
| 8 | Tendency to abstract thinking and creative work |
| 9 | A penchant for technology and machine control |
| 10 | Tendency to engage in productive activities that bring visible results |
If we return to the problem of classification of professions, then interests and inclinations, of course, are taken into account among other professionally important qualities; they are distributed among ten factors, various combinations of which represent patterns of interest in various types of professional work.
In domestic psychodiagnostics, the Differential Diagnostic Questionnaire by E. A. Klimov is used, which makes it possible to determine in adolescents a propensity for one or more of the following five groups of professions: man-man, man-nature, man-sign, man-artistic image, man-technology. However, despite all the validity of this typology, there are many professions that occupy an intermediate position between the identified types.
S. K. Nartova-Bochaver
Instructions. This test is designed to study a person’s professional interests and preferences. It will help you correlate your inclinations, abilities and interests with various specific professions, more accurately determine the range of your needs in the professional field and will assist in planning your professional career.
If you have already thought about choosing a profession or changing it, then this test can help you justify your decisions, as well as suggest others possible options resolution of these issues. You will get a much more tangible result if you work thoughtfully with this technique.
Read the subtest instructions carefully and mark your answers. on the ANSWER FORM.
ACTIVITIES
Below are a variety of activities that reflect a wide range of interests and attitudes. Circle the letter “D° in the answer form if the type of activity under the corresponding number suits you, likes it, or you think that it will suit you. If you don’t like this or that type of activity, it’s not suitable, or you’re not delighted with it, then circle the letter "H".
R Activities
1. Take a woodworking course
2. Operate a passenger car
3. Repair outbuildings
4. Repair electrical appliances
5. Set up a stereo music system
6. Craft around the house
7. Work at your summer cottage
8. Take a training course to become an auto mechanic
9. Renovate the apartment yourself
10. Solve technical problems
11. Restore and repair old instruments, mechanical devices (watches, sewing machine, typewriter, etc.)
AND Activities
1. Work in a research laboratory
2. Apply mathematics to solve practical problems
3. Study scientific theories
4. Analyze information to develop new proposals and recommendations
6. Find solutions to complex problems
7. Visit a science museum
8. Systematize and classify data on various problems
9. Take a course in mathematical statistics
10. Think about scientific problems
11. Master a new scientific discipline
A Activities
1. Play a musical instrument
2. Write for a magazine or newspaper
3. Translate a story or artistic concept into a dramatic work
4. Play in an ensemble, band or orchestra
5. Design furniture or clothing
6. Paint portraits or take up photography
7. Take a design course
8. Publish a magazine or newspaper/
9. Draw or paint
11. Create decorative items (chasing, carving, burning)
WITH Activities
1. Work in the field of social support and protection
2. Take courses in the psychology of human relationships
3. Study facts of violation of the law by minors
4. Discuss issues of relationships between people
5. Train others to do a job
7. Help people with physical disabilities
8. Help with advice in difficult situations
9. Teach in educational institutions
10. Take care of children or help the elderly
11. Take courses for guides or tour guides
P Activities
1. Be the leader of a project or event
2. Take a course or seminar for managers
4. Participate in political campaigns
5. Organize and manage your own business
6. Make decisions in important and responsible matters
7. Influence other people
8. Be present at auctions and trades
9. Direct the work of others
10. Monitor market conditions
11. Organize and conduct election campaigns
To Activities
2. Work with a microcalculator
3. Conduct an inventory of material resources
4. Record your expenses
5. Check documentation to identify errors or missing items
6. Perform mathematical calculations in accounting or business
7. Conduct business correspondence
8. Manage office equipment and computers in the institution
9. Fill out standard forms, detailed questionnaires
10. Take accounting courses
11. Prepare and print business papers
CAPABILITIES
Circle "D" for those types of skills that you possess and that you can use competently and competently. Circle "N" for those types of skills and abilities that you have never possessed and have never performed or performed poorly in the corresponding activity.
P Abilities
1. I can do simple TV or radio repairs.
2. I can repair furniture
3. I can use power tools (saw, drill, lathe or sander) for woodworking
5. I can do simple electrical repairs.
6. I can change the oil or tires in a car
7. I can make a scale drawing
8. I can use most carpentry tools.
9. I can do simple plumbing repairs.
11. I can use electrical measuring instruments
And Abilities
1. I can use a computer when studying a scientific problem.
2. I can understand the physical properties of many substances
3. I can decipher simple chemical formulas
4. I can use a calculator or slide rule for scientific research.
5. I can use a microscope to solve scientific problems.
6. I can use mathematical statistics to solve scientific problems.
7. I can describe the basic functions of the human body
8. I can use logarithmic tables
9. I can write an abstract on the problem
10. I can name three foods that are high in protein.
11. I can briefly and clearly present a scientific theory
A Abilities
1. I can write a story
3. I can paint, watercolor, and sculpt.
4. I can outline or describe a person in such a way that he can be recognized
5. I can create a stage embodiment of an idea or plot
7. I can design for product packaging
8. I can decorate the work areas of institutions
9. I can act in a play
10. I can make it myself simple decorations for home
11. I can take artistic photographs, slides
WITH Capabilities
1. I can host guests well
2. I find it easy to help others make decisions.
3. I participated in charity events
4. It’s easy for me to explain things to others.
5. I can lead a group discussion
6. I easily manage to put people in a good mood.
7. It’s easy for me to talk to anyone
8. I find it easy to help people plan their future.
9. I find it easy to train others.
10. It’s easy for me to teach others.
11. I'm good at reading people.
P Abilities
1. I can organize the work of others
2. I easily evaluate my own strengths.
3. I can easily interest others
4. I can organize and manage a sales campaign
5. I'm a good salesman
6. I easily plan a strategy to achieve a goal.
7. I am a good public speaker.
8. I know how to become a successful leader
9. I can defend my point of view
10. I can start my own business
11. I can develop the qualities I want in myself.
To Ability
1. I can process correspondence and other documents
2. I can easily get the information I need by phone
3. I can keep track of my income and expenses.
4. I can use a computer to analyze business data.
5. I can type fairly quickly.
6. I can write business letters.
7. I can control the text editor on my computer
8. I can create an environment for business meetings.
9. I can work on a copy machine.
10. I can quickly notice errors in calculations and texts
11. I can successfully use catalogs
CAREERS
Below is a list of careers in business, industry, government, various types arts and sciences. Circle "D" for those careers that interest you or appeal to you. Circle "H" for those careers that you do not like or find uninteresting.
R Careers
1. Carpenter
3. Auto mechanic
4. Electronic equipment specialist
7. Welder
8. Radio engineer
9. Mechanical engineer
10. Engraver, manufacturer of seals, stamps
11. Economist-production planner
12. Design engineer for tool development
13. Jeweler, specialist in processing precious stones
14. Power plant operator And Careers
1. Design engineer
2. Medical laboratory technician
5. Publisher of a scientific or popular science magazine
6. Nerd
8. Anthropologist
9. Family doctor
10. Meteorologist
11. Researcher in the field of social sciences
12. Biologist
13. Research Laboratory Scientist
A Careers
1. Writer
2. Photographer
3. Musician-arranger
7. Performing musician
8. Painting Expert
9. Journalist
10. Copy artist (copyist)
11. Newspaper publisher
13. Architect
14. Designer
WITH Careers
1. High school teacher
2. Social worker
3. Speech therapist
4. School teacher
5. Psychologist
6. Family counseling specialist
7. Teacher of social and social sciences
8. Social support worker
9. Youth camp instructor
10. Career choice consultant
11. Sociologist
12. Inspector for juvenile affairs
13. Helpline employee
14. Priest
P Careers
1. Company manager
2. Hotel manager
3. Director of radio and television
4. Real estate agent (houses, land)
5. Sale Manager
6. Head of Marketing Department"
7. Store Manager
10. Intermediary in trade operations
11. Seller, sales worker
13. Broker on the stock exchange
14. Head of a sports team
To Careers
1. Economist
2. Accountant
3. Secretary-typist
4. Bank teller
5. Bank inspector
6. Tax inspector
7. Inspector
8. Credit controller
9. Computer operator
10. Bailiff
11. Archivist
12. Accountant
13. Notary
14. Librarian
Description of the technique
“The Questionnaire of Occupational Preferences” (OPQ) in its theoretical basis is based on the well-known theory of professional choice, developed by the American professor J. Holland. The essence of J. Holland's theory can be reduced to the following basic principles:
1. In Western culture, most people can be classified into one of 6 types: realistic (R-type), investigative (I-type), artistic (A-type), social (S-type), entrepreneurial (P-type) and conventional (K-type).
Each type is an idealization, a hypothetical construct to describe a certain group of people with similar personal and professional characteristics. It is a certain standard, a standard with which a real person is compared. The type is characterized by its psychological characteristics: abilities, interests, character, preferred environment. Each person can be classified as a specific type or characterized through a combination of several typological features. Typological personality traits are the result of the interaction of many factors: cultural and personal. These are such as the influence of family, parents and others significant people, qualifications and experience of previous work, sociocultural influence, physical environment, etc. Thus, under the influence of these factors, a person initially prefers some and rejects other types of activities and social activity. These activities then become the dominant interests. These interests lead to
development of certain abilities. And finally, the interests and abilities of an individual form certain personal dispositions that determine how a person perceives the world around him, feels, thinks and acts.
2. There are 6 types of environments in which a person operates: realistic, exploratory, artistic, social, entrepreneurial and conventional.
IN Each type of environment is dominated by the corresponding type. Thus, in a social environment, a much larger percentage of people of the S-type function than, for example, of the P-type.
Due to the fact that different personality types have different interests, abilities and dispositions, they strive to surround themselves with people, objects, materials and solve problems that would be congruent with their needs.
3. People seek environments that allow them to exercise their skills and abilities, express their attitudes and beliefs, solve problems that concern them, and take on roles that suit their needs.
The R-type is looking for a realistic environment, the S-type is looking for a social environment, etc. Likewise, the appropriate environment attracts the people most suitable for it.
One of the most important components of the environment is a person’s profession, his professional activity. Professions can also be classified according to the presence of 6 types of elements in them. Another component of the environment is a person’s leisure, his pastime outside of work.
4. An individual's behavior is determined by the interaction between his personality characteristics and the characteristics of his environment.
If we know typological features personality and the characteristics of his environment, we can make assumptions regarding his satisfaction, potential turnover, achievements, and motivation to strive for improvement. Thus, people employed in a profession and in an environment that matches their type are more satisfied with their careers, work with maximum efficiency and are valued in their organizations. And, conversely, people performing professional activities that do not correspond to their type will experience a feeling of dissatisfaction, a desire to change jobs, and low motivation.
Description of types according to Holland
Realistic type- masculine, non-social, stable, present-oriented, deals with specific objects (things, animals, machines) and their practical use.
Mechanical activities, operating large machines, heavy equipment, operating machinery and using tools requiring precision, dexterity, fine motor coordination (drilling machines, lathes, dentist's burs, surgical scalpels, jewelry instruments)
Construction, repair, military activities, design work
Any activity that produces a tangible result prefers action to thinking, specific tasks difficult and abstract problems
Abilities that the R-type has
Physical strength, psychomotor skills, manual dexterity
Mechanical ability, ingenuity
Mathematical ability
Emotional stability, reliability
Practicality, frugality
Tenacity, perseverance, self-confidence, risk-taking, dedication
Modesty, shyness, frankness, sincerity, naturalness
Independence, conservatism, tendency to support traditional values
Rigidity, slow acceptance of new ideas, subservience, conformity
Completes the work without unnecessary talk, works carefully, accurately, systematically
Prefers clear regulation of work, wants to know what, how and when to do
Does not like long conversations, negotiations, discussions
Most of all, it is not similar to the C-type. Interaction with this type can cause unfriendliness, harshness, and misunderstanding. Closest to I- and K-types and prefers to work with them
Preferred environment
nature, countryside
Least interaction with other people
Situations that require casual dressing
Organizations with strict hierarchical subordination and authoritarianism (armed forces, police department, etc.)
Firms that produce specific, tangible products
Transport, engineering, technical, energy enterprises
Typical hobbies
Restoration of old mechanisms (cars, watches, cameras, etc.), repair, design, assembly of various devices
Construction and restoration work
Farming, gardening, gardening, gardening
Hunting, fishing, tourism
Management of motor vehicles
Physically dangerous sports, outdoor sports
R-type professions
Carpenter, cartographer, farmer, engineer, forester, pilot, policeman, veterinarian, driver, welder
Research type
Preferred activities
Collection of information, its systematization, analysis
Perform complex or abstract tasks
Solving problems through reflection, analysis of hypotheses and theories
Independent, independent work with self-reliance
Performing scientific or laboratory work
Prefer thinking to action
Abilities that the I-type has
math skills
Analytical skills
Scientific inclinations, inclinations towards rational logical analysis
Writing skills
Rationality, erudition Personal qualities and values
independence, autonomy, self-motivation, task orientation, work absorption/
Restraint, introspective, analytical, rational, methodical
Curiosity, intellectuality, originality, creativity, erudition
Self-confidence, focus on non-traditional values and attitudes
Working style: looks into a lot of details before coming to a conclusion, wants to find out the reasons behind something, can be too focused on details and does not see the whole problem, often finds it difficult to express an opinion or make a decision without having to look again information
Most of all, it is unlike the P-type. Relationships with this type give rise to too many problems and questions for the I-type. Most similar to types P and A.
Preferred environment
Weakly structured organizations that provide freedom in work actions
Achievement-oriented organizations, research and design laboratories and firms, universities and institutes
Limited communication with other people
Typical hobbies
work (I-types are often completely absorbed in their work and work many hours a day)
Complex activities that require mastering many facts, details, principles (yachting, scuba diving, mountaineering, astronomy, etc.)
Computers: assessment, programming, discussion, reading literature
Reading non-fiction
Artistic type
Preferred activities
artistic creativity (painting, sculpture, photography, jewelry making, design, composition, literary creativity, etc.)
Playing musical instruments
Performing acting activities
Abilities that Type A has
Imagination, creativity
Musical ability
Artistic abilities
Verbal-linguistic abilities
Feeling of harmony, taste
independence, autonomy, non-conformism
Impulsivity, expressiveness, emotionality, sensitivity
Impracticality, disorderliness
Intuitiveness, focus on the values of beauty and aesthetics, imaginative thinking, “right-hemisphere”
The desire for self-expression, demonstrativeness
Originality, openness, freedom from conventions
Allows for alternative solutions to problems
Most dissimilar from the T-type, close to the I- and S-types
Preferred environment
unstructured, flexible organizations that provide the opportunity for self-expression (artistic studios, theaters, concert halls, etc.)
Organizations teaching artistic skills (music and art schools, art institutes, etc.)
Typical hobbies
photography, drawing, painting
Visiting dance and music concerts, theaters, museums, concerts
Writing poems, stories, art collecting
Playing musical instruments, dancing
A-type professions
artist, architect, sculptor, conductor, photographer, music teacher, museum director
Social type
Preferred activities
focus on working in a group with people, not objects
Teaching, explaining, clarifying
Providing assistance, consulting, advice
Organizing group events, leading discussions
Abilities that the C-type has
verbal abilities
Communication and people skills
Teaching and public speaking skills
Listening Skills
Personal characteristics and values
Humanism, idealism, ethics, responsibility, morality
Cooperativeness, attunement to others, understanding of others
Tactful, emotionally warm, friendly, cheerful, optimistic
Most unlike the P-type and close to the A- and P-types
Preferred environment
Social organizations, schools, religious organizations, personnel selection institutions
Medical institutions, psychiatric, psychotherapeutic, psychological advisory services
Social protection agencies
Typical hobbies
Entertaining others
Attending social events and meetings
Voluntary performance of charitable and social work
C-type professions
teacher, educator, healthcare worker, social worker, psychologist, clergyman
Entrepreneurial type
Preferred activities
working with other people in organizations to achieve organizational goals and economic success
Financial and interpersonal risk, participation in competitive activities
Sale, purchase, commerce, entrepreneurship
Conducting meetings, groups, leading organizations, companies, managing people and projects
Conducting political campaigns, elections, presentations, etc.
Abilities that the P-type has
organizational skills, verbal abilities, public speaking skills, persuasion skills
Management and Leadership Abilities
Social and Interpersonal Skills
Inclination for entrepreneurial activity
Personal qualities and values
desire for power, for a leadership position, for high status
Ambitiousness, gambling, competitiveness, dominance, self-confidence, aggressiveness, adventurousness
Extroversion, sociability, sociability
Focus on money, power, material well-being
Optimistic, energetic, love of popularity
Interaction with the I-type is most difficult; it works best with the C- and K-types
Preferred environment
positions in government and political organizations with power, at the disposal of large finances
Industrial firms, retail and wholesale companies, agencies for the sale of land, houses, real estate, brokerage firms
Typical hobbies
membership in clubs and organizations, attending meetings
Sports competitions or as a spectator or participant, rich recreation
Entertainment, organization of parties, entertainment
Political activity
P-type professions
merchant, entrepreneur, stock broker, lawyer, insurance agent, manager Conventional type Preferred activities
work that requires attention to detail and accuracy
Office equipment management
Maintaining card files, storing and systematizing records, facts, data, financial books
Writing business reports, preparing diagrams, tables, diagrams
Abilities that the K-type has
Arithmetic abilities
Clerical skills
Manual fine motor skills
Organized, punctual, pedantic, neat
Personal qualities and values
conscientiousness, tenacity, practicality, honesty
Self-control, conservatism, caution, planning, conformity
Thrift, interest in money, material well-being
To carry out work effectively, requires a clear plan, convenient for group work
Most dissimilar to type A, closest to types P and P
Preferred environment
this type, like type P, works well in large organizations, but prefers a subordinate role rather than a leadership one
Large corporations, financial organizations, banks, accounting firms
Quality control departments, archives, filing cabinets, inspections
Well-structured organizations with a strictly hierarchical structure
Typical hobbies
Collecting (stamps, coins, etc.)
Building models
Home improvement projects
Participation in civil and public organizations
Games with clear and precise rules
K-type professions
accountant, cashier, accountant, banker, secretary
Relationships between types. Holland's hexagon
The relationship between the six identified types is described, according to the theory of J. Holland, by a hexagon - a hexagon, on the vertices of which personality types are located in a certain order: R-I-A - S-P-K. Holland's hexagon is the basis for understanding his theory, interpreting the results obtained, and demonstrating the psychological similarities - differences between types.
Based on the hexagonal model, Holland postulated 4 additional concepts that expand the explanatory power of his theory.
1.Uniformity
This concept applies to both personality types and environmental types. Some types are more similar to each other than others. Thus, the social and artistic types are more similar to each other than, for example, the research and entrepreneurial types. Since the real personality (like the environment) contains elements of different types, it can be more or less homogeneous. One of the functions of the hexagon is to help determine the homogeneity of the individual and/or environment. The closer to each other on the hexagon the types that make up the content of a particular personality are located, the more homogeneous it is. For example, a realistic individual who also has an interest in exploratory and conventional activities (RIC) is personality-wise more homogeneous than a realist oriented toward social and entrepreneurial activities (SREA).
2. Differentiation
Some individuals or environments are more “pure”, i.e. they show more belonging to one type and less to others. Whereas there are personalities and environments in which different types are represented equally. Individuals or environments in which different types are represented in approximately equal proportions are considered weakly differentiated. Empirically, the degree of differentiated personality is determined by the severity of scores using the SNP method.
3. Congruence
In accordance with this concept, different personality types require an appropriate environment. We can talk about congruence in the case when an individual lives and works in an environment of the same type to which he himself belongs. Incongruence, for example, will occur if the realistic type works or lives in the environment of the social type. To determine the degree of congruence between a person and the environment, you can use the Holland hexagon, but this is easier to do using Table 1, built on its basis.
Table 1
The degree of similarity (+) and difference (-) between the person and the environment
|
Environment type |
Personality type |
Conducting testing. The Occupational Preferences Questionnaire can be administered individually or to a group. The size of the group is not limited. The subjects are given test books and answer forms. Before testing begins, subjects are read the following instructions:
“This test - the Professional Preferences Questionnaire - is designed to study a person’s professional interests and preferences. It will help you correlate your inclinations, abilities and interests with various specific professions, more accurately determine the range of your needs in the professional field and will assist in planning your professional career.
If you have already thought about choosing a profession or changing it, then this test can help you justify your decisions, as well as suggest other possible options for resolving these issues. When filling out the questionnaire, you should not rush. You will get a much more tangible result if you work thoughtfully with this technique.”
The Questionnaire of Professional Preferences includes three subtests: “Activities”, “Abilities”, “Careers”. Each of them is preceded by instructions.
Instructions for the “Activities” subtest:
“The following are types of activities that reflect a wide range of human interests. Circle the letter “D” (Yes) on the answer form if the type of activity under the corresponding number you like, is suitable for or would suit (If the instructions are read aloud, it should be noted here that it is not necessary to actually engage in or plan to engage in this or that activity. The main thing is that I liked her and was attracted to her). If you do not like this or that type of activity, does not suit you and does not attract you, then circle the letter “N” (No). (Here it is necessary to draw the attention of the test takers to mark the letters “D” or “N” for each items on the questionnaire and did not skip any of them.)
Instructions for the “Abilities” subtest:
“Circle the letter “D” for those types of skills that you possess and that you can use competently and competently. Circle “N” for those types of skills and abilities that you have never possessed, and the corresponding activity has never been carried out or carried out poorly.”
Instructions for the “Careers” subtest:
“The following is a list of careers in business, industry, government, various arts and sciences. Circle “D” for those careers that interest you or appeal to you. Circle “H” for those careers that you do not like or find uninteresting.”
After this, it is necessary to remind the subjects so that they do not forget to fill out all the points of the passport data indicated on the answer form. There is no time limit for filling out the questionnaire; it usually takes 15-20 minutes. After finishing the work, each test taker must check whether there are any missing test points and whether the letters “D” and “N” are circled correctly.
Processing the results. To process the results, it is necessary to count the number of positive answers (Yes) for the P scale of the “Activities” subtest and write this number under this scale in the corresponding column of the answer form. The same should be done with the other scales: I, A, S, P, K. Answers for the “Abilities” and “Careers” subtests are processed in a similar way. Then you need to add up all three numbers that relate to the P scale and write the resulting amount in the “Sum “D” for three subtests” column of the Answer Form. The same needs to be done for the other scales: I, A, S, P, K. Then you should enter the letter with the highest score in the first cell of the “CODE” column. In the second cell of this column you must enter the letter with the next highest number of points. The letter with the third highest score is entered in the third cell. If two letters correspond to the same number of points, then they are both entered in the “CODE” column in any order. The resulting set of letters constitutes the code of the given subject. If the examination
is carried out individually or in a small group, then after a brief instruction the subjects can count the code independently.
Interpretation of results.
1. The resulting code of the subject shows the degree of his compliance with each of the six types. The higher the number of points on any scale, the greater the subject’s conformity with this type and the stronger his interests in this area. The first letter of the code indicates the type to which the subject corresponds most, the second letter indicates the type to which he corresponds slightly less, and the third indicates the type with even less correspondence. Types that are not included in the letter code are types to which the subject practically does not correspond.
2. Using Holland's hexagon, you can determine the homogeneity and differentiation of the subject's personality. If the test subject’s code includes letters that are located next to each other in a hexagon, then we can talk about the homogeneity of the personality. If the test subject’s code includes letters that are far apart from each other, then there is no need to talk about the homogeneity of the personality.
A). If the first two letters of the test subject's code RI, RK, IR, IA, AI, AC, CA, SP, PS, PC, KP, KR, then we can talk about high homogeneity of individual interests.
b). If the first two letters of the test subject's code RA, RP, IS, IR, AR, AP, SI, SK, PA, PR, KS, KI, then the homogeneity of the personality is average.
V). If the first two letters of the test subject's code PC, IP, AK, SR, PI, KA, then the homogeneity of personality is low.
Individuals with high and medium compatibility codes will more easily find occupational satisfaction if their code is highly compatible with the code of their profession. Subjects with low homogeneity codes find it more difficult to find satisfaction with their profession, even if their code fits well with the profession code.
One of the ways to help subjects with low personality homogeneity is to select a profession or career based on the first letter of the code. Interests belonging to the opposite type can be satisfied outside the sphere of work, in hobbies, and in leisure forms of activity. To help such people, the appendix to this guide provides a list of various leisure activities that correspond to different types personality.
To determine the differentiation of an individual’s interests, it is necessary to determine the difference between scores using the OPP method. If the difference between the scores is less than 8 units, then it is considered insignificant and the differences on the scales are considered insignificant. This indicates a weakly differentiated personality and its interests. Thus, a subject with the following test results P = 30, I = 25, P = 23 should be considered as having a poorly differentiated sphere of interest and the components of his code are actually the same.
A similar interpretation can be made from the difference between the highest and lowest scores on all six scales. If the difference between the highest and lowest scores is 19 units or more, then we can talk about a fairly clear definition of the individual’s sphere of interests. If the difference between the highest and lowest scores is 15 units or lower, then the range of interests of this subject is not sufficiently defined. His interests are approximately the same in all 6 types.
The article was written by one of the leading marketers of the large American company HubSpot
How to write a text about yourself:
1. Create an “About Us” page on your company’s website or an “About Me” page on your personal blog site;2. Information about you must begin with your first and last name (or company name);
3. Mention other companies you work/have worked with;
4. State your current position and describe what you are currently working on;
5. Include at least one of your achievements in the description;
6. Describe your valuable qualities and how they have influenced your career;
7. Briefly outline what you do outside of work;
8. Show your sense of humor and don't forget to add an interesting and relevant story to the extended version of the "About Me" information.
Would you say your professional background is better than others?
In this article, we'll look at seven real-life examples that you'll need to compare your information to.
Many people don't think about describing themselves until one day they are asked to send a resume "by email" and then they try to generate it in one morning. So we start rushing and writing, and the end result is something like this: Rodney Erickson is a content marketing specialist at HubSpot, an inbound marketing company that develops a platform to help companies attract website traffic, convert leads, and close more deals. Previously, Rodney worked as a marketing specialist for an app development startup. He graduated with honors from Columbia University and received two higher education degrees - a specialist in business management and literary creativity.
Oh, how boring. Are you still with me? I swear, even if he added a story about his cats, it wouldn't make the text any more interesting.
To be fair, I would like to point out that sometimes your information about yourself should be written in a more restrained language, for example, like Mr. Erickson’s example. But more often, texts that you want to read and even discuss look more advantageous. This means that it’s time to leave behind the traditional format of listing your achievements, as if you were a robot and decided to insert as many professionalisms into your story as you could remember.
Remember: your information is read by people who are tired of information oversaturation. If you don't get them interested in the first line, you'll quickly lose them.
I know what you're thinking right now: “So what? This is just information “about yourself”.
Why a well-written About Me is important in the professional world
How many people read information about a person or company?Answer: a lot. And more importantly, you can never be sure who is reading it. And therefore, you need the “About Me” section to be ready when the very people you are waiting for read it. And when they read, you want your story to be the one that hooks them. In a good way.
Look: you only post your resume when you are actively looking for a new job, but professional information about you is always visible to people. You can post it on social networks, on the company website, on a blog, in a guest post, and on a variety of other platforms.
The most important thing is that you can actively use this tool online.
So what does a well-written professional bio look like?
Below we have collected the best examples of real texts with information about professional achievements. We found them all on Twitter, Instagram, Facebook and various websites.
Take a look through them and let them serve as inspiration to help you write your own biography.
7 of the Best About Me Text Examples We've Ever Seen
1. Anne Hendley (information on her personal website)If you work as a marketer, then chances are you've heard of Anne Hendley. The list of her powers is very long, and if she wanted, she could talk about her achievements for an hour or two or three.
But when people try to collect all their achievements in one list, their text looks selfish. No doubt you might impress a few people with all your laurel crowns, but most will read your biography with a feeling of fear and irritation. Think about it: Is this how you want most of your readers to feel when they read your bio?
Minimize the expression of your selfishness that comes from talking about yourself, think about how you can create a list of achievements without bragging. Anne does this beautifully by choosing a simpler tone for the story.
We offer a short excerpt that is located at the very bottom of her personal website. When you read, pay attention Special attention on the first and last lines:
“About Ann. This is Anne Hendley's website, and you are reading a short excerpt about her. She is a best-selling author, lectures on content marketing and social media marketing, serves as the head of marketing at MarketingProfs, and is published monthly in Entrepreneur magazine. That doesn't tell you much about her. It is so? You can find out more here."
Simple, friendly language that invites the reader to further study, rather than scaring them away from the first lines. The link takes you to a page with more detailed information, which is divided into two parts: the “short version” (a simple summary of the basic facts) and the “long version”, which is broken up into paragraphs. In such a biography everyone will find what they are looking for.
2. Rebecca Ballwitt (information from Instagram)
Everyone knows that Instagram is not the best platform for writing a good bio. Just like on Twitter, there simply isn't enough space to display all the information about yourself. And since Instagram users access the network primarily from their phones, many of them passively read about you from their mobile phones.
The lack of space in the About section on Instagram forces you to select only the most important characteristics, as Rebecca Bollwitt demonstrates perfectly in her profile.
Rebecca's Instagram name is Miss604, and she cleverly uses emojis in her “About” column, which allows her to tell users why her content will be of interest. Look at the screenshot below.
The description begins with an emoji depicting a cup. So Miss604 says she has won over 30 awards for her blogging projects. I haven’t even looked at her images in the feed yet, but her description of herself has already hooked me.
The rest of the description follows the same format - the text is interrupted by a suitable emoticon, and perfectly chosen nouns describe Rebecca's persona to the reader. She included a link to her husband's account after a heart emoji (a sweet addition) and assured her followers that all the images in the feed were her own.
Take the example of Miss604 and show not only your professional life, but also your personal life. Showcasing your professional brand doesn't mean you stop being human. Often it is the most personal information that makes information about professional achievements interesting and lively.
2. Mark Gallion (Twitter)
Because Mark is a risk-taker and CEO of several startups, his approach to organizing information about himself differs from Internet standards. Some of them are more formal, others less. But if you take a look at Mark's Twitter profile, you'll see what sets him apart from others and helps him connect with his audience: his unique sense of humor.
Why did he choose humor if he runs startups and is constantly looking for funding for them? Mark's tactics are very deliberate: it is a lever with which he elevates his brand and refreshes it, while maintaining his established and impressive image as an entrepreneur.
Mark designed his Twitter bio this way because social media– this is the place where he can be an ordinary person. And at the same time, they help him communicate with his subscribers and potential investors.
When filling out your Twitter bio, keep in mind who your audience is and what image you want to convey to them. Use your bio as a way to connect these two elements.
4. DJ Nexus (information on Facebook)
This DJ from England was able to independently collect over 2,000 likes from people living in and outside of Boston. And even if you don't listen to that kind of music, you'll find it hard to get past his description of himself.
DJ Nexus, whose real name is Jamerson, uses almost every possible field in the About tab. Thanks to this, his audience knows what genre he plays, where he comes from and who he has worked with.
Do you know what we like most about DJ Nexus? The phrase that is written under “About”: “Quiet during the day. LOUD at night!” This is how DJ Nexus determined his work schedule, but in a completely non-standard way. I get chills when I imagine a nightclub where he might play.
But the diamonds in the biography of DJ Nexus do not end there.
The good thing about Facebook business pages is that they allow you to write as much or as little as you want without the fear of overwhelming your readers with the amount of text. For those who want to know the basic facts of Jemerosn's life, there are four categories into which the information can be broken down.
For those who want to know more, there is an amazing success story in the other tab.
In this story, DJ Nexus talks about how he became DJ Nexus and how he started the company right out of college. This is a great lesson for all Facebook business pages: customers want to know about you, and as Facebook increasingly becomes a platform for business interaction, no better place to tell your brand story.
5. Lena Axelsson (information on the company website)
Your professional bio should be as compelling as the rest of your text (regardless of where your “About Me” information appears). The main mistake people make is they think that describing themselves is their own creation, separate from all other content. If you think so too, most likely you will not write anything more or less interesting.
When you sit down to write your professional bio and stare at the cursor blinking on the screen, think about how you start a blog post. You don't immediately jump to the point, do you? You start with an introduction.
The best descriptions are usually concise (around 200-300 words), so you don't need a lot of space. However, one single sentence that includes a hyperlink to a description of other achievements can make even a short biography very compelling.
Look at Lena Axelsson's description. She works as a family therapist - a job where empathy and compassion play a huge role. So she decided to start her biography with a good introductory message: “When people experience trauma or extreme stress, their lives often fall apart.” She then goes on to explain why she loves her job, how she has helped clients, and how she provides personalized attention to each patient. Mandatory information about education remains at the end, the reader goes to it only when he is interested.
“When people experience trauma or extreme stress, their lives often fall apart. My greatest desire is to restore health to people who have experienced trauma or stress. I help my patients - children, adults and entire families - restore health and strengthen relationships, feel harmonious, calm and protected. I know that one approach will not work for every person, so I use different techniques and therapy (list).”
Next is a paragraph about education.
Your self-description doesn't have to be very serious, but it doesn't have to start as a joke either. This example shows how you can grab your readers' attention through empathy and attention.
6. Mark Levy (information on personal website)
Mark Levy is a small business owner who prefers a more traditional approach to storytelling. But he does it in a way that shows he cares about his audience.
What we like about this bio is the way it's organized: On his company page in the About Us section, there are two biographies called "Mark Levy Biography #1" and "Mark Levy Biography #2."
Like Anne, Mark gives his readers a choice. The first biography is the “short version”, which includes a list of the founder’s experience and some other important facts.
The second version is more voluminous, which is also more interesting than the first version. Why? Because it reads like a story and at the same time very convincing. I even managed to laugh a couple of times while reading it.
The second sentence of the description goes like this:
“He dreaded going to school, loved basketball and football, ran home to watch stupid films at 4.30pm on Movie, listened to The Jam and The Buzzcocks and read books about magic spells.”
Of course, the fact that the text is well written is not a surprise, given that Mark is the author of several books. But what's amazing is how the conversational tone and entertaining elements add vibrancy and uniqueness to the text.
7. Corey Wainwright
Lastly, let's talk about Cori Wainwright, who works on content at HubSpot. She's been writing content for the marketing blog for years, and her description of herself as an author has stuck with me since my first day at HubSpot.
What I love most about Corey's biography is that she did a great job of telling a story about herself without taking the matter too seriously. And in this context, this approach is very appropriate.
She has several impressive achievements, but she did not want to show them off publicly. She preferred a “lighter” design for her biography.
Her description goes like this:
"Cory, who loves Bruce Springsteen and works in content marketing."
The phrase works for her because the HubSpot blog writers try to be as friendly and approachable as possible. We try to make sure our content shows our attitude.
