What water sports are there? Swimming What is the name of the water sport?

Do you want to have a 100% blast this summer? Then be sure to try at least a couple of water sports. Firstly, you are guaranteed a surge of adrenaline, secondly, you will bring your body into ideal shape, and thirdly, not a single girl can resist such a daredevil.

There are many water sports available. They are divided into classic (officially recognized as Olympic sports) and unusual (related to both sports and ordinary active recreation). The classic category includes all types of swimming (including synchronized swimming), kayaking and canoeing, diving and water polo. But on the water you can also have fun with a lot of other, more original and extreme sports. They will be discussed in this article, because summer is in full swing, and you should not miss such a wonderful opportunity to take an active break from routine.

Wakeboarding

This type of sport and recreation is gaining more and more popularity, including jumping, elements of water skiing slalom and some acrobatics. Wakeboarding is divided into two divisions: wakeboard-boat and wakeboard-electric (cable wakeboarding). In the first case, the athlete holds on to the halyard and rushes behind the boat, while performing a variety of tricks, using springboards and running waves. In contrast, in cable wakeboarding a person moves through the water thanks to a mechanized cable-towing installation that replaces a boat. Such installations are divided into circular (wake parks, where a person moves in a circle) and reverse (the athlete only rides forward and backward).

Wakesurfing

In this sport, the athlete also rides behind a towing boat. On one side the boat is immersed in ballast, creating a large wave on one side. The athlete rides on a special wakesurf board - it has no fastenings and allows you to ride on the wave created by the boat. The main advantage of wakesurfing is that it can be done on any body of water, with just a board and a boat.

Water skiing

Water skiing is movement on water on a specially shaped ski connected by a cable (“halyard”) to a boat. Water skiing is divided into single and double. Doubles include figure and jump skis, and singles include slalom (mono) skiing. In appearance, figure skis are shortened and quite wide, both ends are slightly curved. Jumpers, on the other hand, are long and have a strongly curved nose. The slalom ski is also long, with a tapered back and a curved tip. On the backs (the part that glides through the water) slalom skis have a keel.

Water tourism

Hydrofoil

The main equipment of a hydrofoiler is a board equipped with a seat (pad), a hydrofoil and leg mounts. The athlete rides it in a sitting position, holding the halyard. As soon as the speed is gained, the hydrofoil begins to lift the board with the rider above the water. At the same time, the angle of attack of the wing changes (tilt down and up) and the person provokes a jump, performing a trick. In terms of complexity, the simplest trick in hydrofoil is considered to be AIR GAINER - the athlete jumps and spins backwards.

Canopolo

Canopolo is a team game with a ball in kayaks; a current version of the rules has even been published for it. According to them, a team should have 8 players, 5 of them play, and 3 are in reserve. The field size is 35 by 23 meters. The gates are suspended at a height of 2 meters. Substitutions are not limited in any way. Canopolo has 2 halves, each lasting 10 minutes. If this is the final game, on which the distribution of places depends, then in the event of a draw, extra time is awarded until the first goal.

Kayaking

Kayaking is a subtype of water tourism that takes place on a vessel called a kayak. Kayaking is divided into creek rafting, sea and recreational kayaking, downhill kayaking, whitewater freestyle kayaking, and rowing slalom.

Mini transat

The name Mini transat, as well as the Transat 6.50, Open 650 or the Mini class, belong to small-sized Mini class yachts on which single cruising races are carried out. The main regatta is considered to be the race across the Atlantic Ocean, thanks to which the name of the class (trans atlantic) appeared in 1977. The class is considered open, therefore any yachts that meet the necessary parameters can take part in the competition.

Parasailing

The essence of parasailing is that a person is attached to a boat with a long, strong cable and, after opening a special parachute, soars through the air over the water. If the boat has a powerful enough engine, then 2-3 people can soar under the parachute at the same time.

Tubing

In America, this name belongs to inflatable sleds, but in our country they are called as follows: tubing, cheesecakes, bagels, snow tubing, donuts, inflatable sleds, tubes and toboggans. Inflatable tubing sleds differ very favorably from traditional sleds: their weight is minimal, they are soft when riding, safe when descending, bright, colorful, and what is very important - they are convenient to store due to their small volume when deflated.

Tubing is divided into 2 types, winter and summer. In winter, people ride on inflatable sleds down snow slides with a slope of no more than 20 degrees. In the summer they are used for rafting on water, almost like on a boat. But the advantage of tubing is that on rivers with medium-speed flows or while tubing behind a boat, the sled lifts off the water and momentarily floats in the air.

Freestyle on white water

This sport does not belong to the Olympic sport, where the main goal of the athlete is to perform various types of acrobatic elements on a place (shaft or barrel) for 45 seconds. In this water sport, elements are performed following the example of the freestyle disciplines in snowboarding, surfing, skateboarding, water skiing and many others. To freestyle whitewater, you need to develop a certain level of control in both your body and the kayak. In some cases, acrobatic freestyle on white water is abbreviated as freestyle kayaking. Acrobatic freestyle is considered the youngest direction of modern kayaking, which is developing incredibly actively in our time.

We have prepared a review 10 new extreme sports, thanks to which your life will take on new bright colors.

Flyboarding

Flyboarding (from English fly - flight, board - board) is a wonderful sport for people who have dreamed of learning to fly all their lives. True, in the framework of this lesson, you have to do this not over a hard surface, but over water.

Flyboarders must have a special water pump, a water supply hose, and water jet boots. Two manual stabilizers regulate the power of the water jet and control the flight.

As a result, a flyboarder can rise above the water to a height of ten to fifteen meters and soar there, performing incredible tricks. There are also shows where highly trained athletes demonstrate their amazing skills to impressed spectators.

Vulcanoboarding

Mount Cerro Negro is famous not only for being one of the youngest and most active volcanoes on the American continent. Recently, more and more people are talking about it due to the fact that a new extreme sport was born on its slopes - volcanoboarding.

Every day hundreds of tourists and real athletes descend on the ash-black slope of this volcano on special boards. In this case, the maximum descent speed can reach 80 kilometers per hour. To protect people from injury, the organizers dress them in special suits made of strong material.

Some use the board as a sled, while others cut through the volcanic slope while standing on the board, as if it were a snowy surface, while they themselves use a snowboard.

Parkour on trampoline

More and more people who practice trampolining have begun to pay attention to their new variation, which contains elements of other sports, mainly parkour.

Parkour on a trampoline is not just perfectly timed jumps with acceleration, it is a special type of tricks in the air, as well as interaction with external objects and surfaces.

The stunts of people who practice this unusual sport are very similar to the performances of aerial acrobats from the famous Cirque du Soleil show. They look just as incredible, defying physical laws and gravity.

Jumping from the stratosphere

For real extreme sports enthusiasts, even ordinary skydiving seems boring and not worthy of attention. They conquer completely different horizons for themselves, going into free fall from a height of tens of kilometers.

Jumping from the stratosphere appeared as experiments in the mid-twentieth century. However, now this activity has turned into a full-fledged sport. Extreme sportsmen from different countries compete with each other in height and speed of fall.

The current record belongs to the American Alan Eustace, vice president of Google. In October 2014, he jumped from a height of 41,424 meters, thereby beating the previous maximum by two kilometers. The maximum fall speed was 1322 km/h.

Kitewing

Kitewing is a universal sports equipment that allows you to conquer not only the ground, but also water, air and snowy peaks. This is a small universal wing that allows extreme athletes to significantly expand their capabilities, regardless of the specific sport.

will be useful wherever you can accelerate or get off the ground under the influence of wind force. An extreme athlete will be able to ride faster and jump higher with the help of this wing.

At the same time, the diving wing itself has very small dimensions. And when folded, its dimensions are no larger than those of a ski bag.

Water Climbing (Psicobloc)

In the United States of America and some other countries of the world, a new extreme sport with the name under which water climbing is hidden has recently become increasingly popular.

The athlete's task in Psicobloc is not only to climb up an inclined wall with ledges, but also to fall gracefully down into a pool filled with water. And the judges count both of these disciplines into the final score of the water climber.

Psicobloc as a type of dispute was born within the framework of ordinary rock climbing, when athletes conquered slopes protruding into the water and from time to time fell down from them. Now this is a very popular sport, in which even the most famous rock climbing athletes take part in official competitions.

Surfing on skis

In recent years, unspoken hostility between snowboarding and skiing enthusiasts has even spread beyond the snow-covered mountain slopes. Now the debate about which is better: one big board or two small ones has also moved into the field of surfing.

After all, a new water sport has appeared - ski surfing. It was invented by Californian skiers who, given the eternal lack of snow in this region, decided to conquer the huge tidal waves for which the coast of American California is famous with their favorite sports equipment.

True, for this it was necessary to create a new type of ski, combining elements of mountain and water skis. But in ski surfing, athletes still have to use special ski poles for better balance. In this case, the speed of sliding along the wave can reach 50 kilometers per hour.

Skyaking

Looking at the photographs of people engaged in kayaking, it may seem that these are some jokers who decided to play a good joke on us. After all, it would seem that there is nothing stupider than jumping out of a plane in a small kayak boat.

Nevertheless, this is quite an interesting and promising sport. It turns out that using a boat when jumping with a parachute significantly reduces the speed of free fall. A man flying flat down accelerates to 193 kilometers per hour. The kayak reduces this figure to 157 km/h, while giving new opportunities in terms of balancing and performing tricks.

The main problem with kayaking is that the vast majority of parachute business owners refuse to arrange jumps for people on boats.

Horseboarding

Horseboarding is a sport for those people who live in rural areas far from mountains or oceans with huge waves, but dream of surfing or snowboarding. Horseboarders use a special board with large wheels as their main sports equipment. And in this case, live horses act as the driving force.

By attaching a rope to the mount, the athlete can then ride behind the horse across the field, performing a variety of maneuvers and tricks. This sport is especially spectacular when using additional springboards. True, falling to the ground during an unsuccessful trick is much more painful and traumatic than falling into water or onto snow cover.

Metrosurfing (hooking)

This incredibly dangerous sport was born in Russia. For a long time, on our railways there have been daredevils devoid of a sense of self-preservation, running on the roofs of cars while the trains are moving.

But in recent years, this activity has moved to the underground world of the metro. Crazy adrenaline junkies cling to the back cars of metro trains at stations, and some even climb onto the roof. They call themselves “hooks.”

True, the percentage of deaths in metrosurfing is several times higher than that of any of the new extreme sports listed above.

However, in India, such an activity is not even an extreme sport, but a familiar way of traveling by train for many poor residents of this country.

Do not forget that not only sports, but also travel can be extreme. You can read about this in our review.

Wakeboarding

Wakesurfing

Water skiing

Water tourism

Hydrofoil

Canopolo

Kayaking

Mini transat

Parasailing

Tubing

Freestyle on white water

WATER SPORTS Municipal Educational Institution “Secondary School No. 32” Student of class 7A Panikov Ilya.

Water sports are sports involving water. Water sports are carried out both in open water and in special premises - swimming pools. Among water sports there are team and individual disciplines, as well as types without the use of anything and using various devices and techniques.

National, regional and world championships and competitions in the Olympic Games are held for various types of aquatics.

The Olympic sports are: Kayaking and canoeing Rowing slalom Rowing Sailing Water skiing Diving Swimming Synchronized swimming Water polo Triathlon

SURFING This is riding a wave using technical means: surfboards of various formats, or short fins and special gloves

WIND SURFING A water sport using a special lightweight board made of floating material. The board is driven by a sail attached by means of a flexible element - a hinge.

KITESURFING The basis of this sport is movement on the surface of the water under the influence of the traction force developed by a kite held and controlled by the athlete.

WATER SKIING Moving along the surface of the water on a specially shaped ski, holding in your hands a cable connected to a boat or other floating device that provides forward movement.

SPRINGBOARD JUMP At competitions, springboard (1 and 3 meters) and platform (5, 7.5 and 10 meters) jumps are performed. During the jump, athletes perform a number of acrobatic actions (turns, screws, rotations).

SWIMMING A method of moving a person in water that does not involve contact with the bottom.

SYNCHRONOUS SWIMMING Synchronized swimming is a mixture of gymnastics, acrobatics and swimming.

SCUBA DIVING Basic equipment for a swimmer consists of only three items and allows you to dive while holding your breath: fins, mask, snorkel

DIVING This is swimming underwater with scuba gear, which provides an autonomous supply of air (or other gas mixture) for breathing underwater for 20-360 minutes, depending on the depth,

FREE DIVING Diving under water without special equipment. Scuba diving while holding your breath, so you can stay under water for 5 minutes.

SPEARFISHING Spearfishing is a water sport cultivated in many countries of the world. It occurs while holding your breath; divers usually take with them an underwater gun or a pike.

WINTER SWIMMING Swimming in open reservoirs with cold (from 4 to 16 degrees) and icy (4 degrees and below) water. The temperature of sea water in winter can drop to minus 2 degrees.

WATER POLO A team ball sport in which two teams try to score a goal against the opponent. The game takes place in a pool of water.

UNDERWATER RUGBY Pool depth up to 5 meters. The ball is filled with saline solution and has negative buoyancy. The team consists of 12 people, 6 of whom are directly in the water, and the rest are on the so-called “flying substitution” on the side of the pool.

Kayaking and canoeing A rowing sport that uses two types of boats: kayaks and canoes.

KAYAKING An active rowing water sport using kayaks. People are floating on kayaks (narrow boats) along a mountain river and actively rowing with oars.

Sites used http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water sports http://www.google.com/imghp?hl=ru

The presentation “Water Sports” is intended to be shown at an introductory lesson on the topic: “Swimming” in order to get acquainted with a group of sports that take place on the water. From the presentation, students learn that the main water sports are: swimming, diving, synchronized swimming, water polo, underwater sports, kayaking and canoeing, sailing, etc. After becoming familiar with each type of water sport, students understand that

synchronized swimming is the most beautiful type of water sport because all movements in swimming are very beautiful;

water polo is like football, only in the water and goals are scored there too;

Jumping into the water, according to the students, is very interesting, they themselves love to jump into the water at sea. Kayaking and canoeing is an interesting sport and some students wanted to enroll in a section and try their hand at this sport. I was especially interested in Surfing. The students came to the conclusion that they like all water sports, as they are not only interesting, but also healthy.

Water sports

Water sports are a group of sports that take place on the water. Main water sports: swimming, diving, synchronized swimming, water polo, underwater sports, kayaking and canoeing, sailing, etc.

Swimming.

Since his appearance on Earth, man has always been associated with water. It was in the valleys of the great rivers - the Nile, Tigris and Euphrates, Yellow River and Yangtze, Indus and Ganges - that human civilization arose. Water was of great importance in the life of primitive people, which was the reason for the deification of this element, which instilled a feeling of admiration and fear in a person who was still weak in the fight against nature. The cult of water has existed among almost all peoples since ancient times. One of the main Olympic gods, the ruler of the seas among the ancient Greeks was Poseidon; much later (III century BC) among the ancient Romans he began to be identified with Neptune. The enormous importance of water in people's lives required adaptation to this unusual environment. After all, when a person first gets into the water, he drowns. Therefore, swimming is a vital skill associated with mastering the aquatic environment and the ability to move around in it. The ability to swim sometimes became decisive during wars - especially during naval battles. The Egyptians widely used swimming in everyday life. Special training in swimming in the Nile was a privilege of the nobility, obligatory for the children of the pharaohs. On the tomb of the ruler Seti, who lived in Ancient Egypt 2.5 thousand years BC, there is an inscription: “He gave me swimming lessons along with the royal children.” In ancient Greece, the ability to swim was also valued. True, swimming was not included in the program of the ancient Olympic Games. However, from 1300t. BC, during the Isthmian Games and the annual festivities in Hermione in honor of the sea lord Poseidon, they competed in swimming and playing music.

Many of the first swimming competitions were of a clearly applied nature. An example is the mass competitions of the ancient Slavs on the Pochaina River, a tributary of the Dnieper, where the best swimmers and divers gathered. They all jumped into the river at the same time and had to catch fish with their hands for a certain time. The one who managed to catch the largest fish was declared the winner and received a silk fishing net as a reward.

In the second half of the 18th and early 19th centuries. The first swimming schools were created in Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, and France. Swimming is a compulsory discipline in military educational institutions.

In the 17th century Swimming training was introduced in Russian troops. The military manual “Teaching how soldiers can wield weapons” emphasizes the need for every soldier to be able to swim and instructs to take the necessary measures to organize swimming training. Under Peter I, swimming was introduced into the number of academic disciplines at the Naval Academy and the Imperial Land Cadet Corps.

The impetus for the further development of navigation in European countries was the fact that significant losses in the Napoleonic wars were drowned. The experience of the Patriotic War of 1812 (and subsequently the Great Patriotic War of 1941 - 1945) showed that the most fierce battles took place on water lines. The massive crossing by troops of such high-water rivers as the Dnieper, Don, Bug, Neman, Danube, Vistula, and Oder became an example of military art. The ability to swim and stay on the water in uniform and with weapons contributed to the successful conduct of combat operations and saving the lives of soldiers.

Already at the beginning of the 19th century. swimming was studied in military schools in many European countries. In addition, various societies and clubs for swimming enthusiasts began to appear. The first swimming school was founded in 1785 in Paris. By the end of the 19th century, swimming gained great popularity as a sport.

In 1890, the European Swimming Championship was held for the first time, and in 1896 it was included in the program of the first modern Olympic Games.

In Russia, the first swimming school opened in 1827 on the Neva. And in 1834, in St. Petersburg, near the Summer Garden, a public swimming school was opened, led by a gymnastics teacher, Gustaf Pauli, who arrived from Sweden. There they were taught to swim “like a frog on the belly”, “on the back”, “on the side”, “like a dog”, “in fathoms”, with a weapon, as well as rescuing drowning people. Among its regulars were Pushkin, Vyazemsky, Pleshcheev

The first modern sports competitions in Russia were held in 1894 by the St. Petersburg swimming circle in Pavlovsk, on the Slavyanka River. Indoor swimming pools were built in the Moscow Central Baths, three years later - in the famous Sanduny, and in 1902 - at the Kiev Cadet Corps.

In 1889 The first international swimming competitions took place in Budapest with the participation of swimmers from Hungary, Austria, Germany and Sweden. In 1896, swimming was included in the program of the first modern Olympic Games, which had a great influence on its further development.

The popularity of swimming in the world, its inclusion in the program of the Olympic Games and the desire to integrate national swimmers' unions led to the creation of the International Amateur Swimming Federation (FINA) in 1908, which served to further develop this sport and expand its representation in the Olympic program. Now FINA unites more than 120 national federations.

When moving in water, almost all the muscles of the body work. Swimming helps develop endurance and coordination of movements. This is an effective means of strengthening the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. The practical value of swimming is also great. Every person should be able to swim long distances and provide assistance to someone in distress on the water. It is no coincidence that even in ancient times, swimming was considered one of the main signs of culture.

Currently, the following methods are used in competitive swimming: front crawl, back crawl, breaststroke and butterfly.

Breast crawl is the fastest way for a person to move in water.
With well-mastered crawl movements, you can swim long distances and not feel muscle fatigue. Rhythmic breathing creates favorable conditions for sufficient oxygen saturation of the blood.

Backstroke crawl as a sporting method of swimming was included in the program
Olympic Games in 1904. At first, only men competed in this type of swimming. But since 1924, women began to swim on their backs.

Swimming is one of the most popular and widespread sports. Swimming can rightfully be classified as a folk sport on a par with wrestling, fist fighting, skiing and running, because it is closely related to the work, life and military activities of people.

MY OPINION.

I really like this sport because I myself love swimming, and at the children’s camp the guys and I swam races.

Synchronized swimming

Synchronized swimming is a sport associated with performing various figures in the water to music. Synchronized swimming is one of the most sophisticated and elegant of all sports. However, despite the apparent ease, it is very demanding - in addition to the fact that athletes experience serious physical stress, they need to have not only endurance, but also flexibility, grace, honed skill and exceptional breathing control.

Originally known as water ballet, synchronized swimming originated in Canada in the 1920s. In the next decade, it spread to the United States, where it received rave reviews after demonstration performances at the Chicago World's Fair in 1934. Synchronized swimming gained even more popularity after Esther Williams demonstrated spectacular underwater acrobatics to moviegoers in the fifties, which helped her make a smooth transition from synchronized swimming to the film business.

Demonstration performances in synchronized swimming appeared at the Olympic Games back in 1948 and remained there for twenty years. Only in 1984, at the games in Los Angeles, did they receive the status of a full-fledged Olympic sport: then singles and doubles competitions were presented

Until now, only girls perform in synchronized swimming; two sets of Olympic medals are awarded - among duets and in team competitions. Olympic competitions began to be held according to this scheme in 1996.

Ideally, synchronized swimming should combine the beauty of form and content. Athletes through hard training try to achieve perfection and synchronization of graceful movements. Very specific but vital technical equipment allows athletes to maintain this illusion of lightness, although it is sometimes very difficult to control their movements and breathing while being upside down under water for several minutes. Clips on the nose protect synchronized swimmers from getting water into their lungs, which allows them to stay under water for a very long time. Gelatin preserves girls' hairstyles, and cosmetics have their own characteristics, not being washed off in water under any circumstances.
Underwater speakers play a very important role - they allow athletes to clearly hear music even while they are underwater, which greatly helps them achieve maximum synchrony in their actions.

MY OPINION
I think that synchronized swimming is the most beautiful type of water sport because all the movements in swimming are very beautiful.

Water polo

WATER POLO, (from the English water polo) is a sports team game with a ball in a pool, the participants of which, moving in the water, strive through individual and collective actions to score a goal against the opponent.

Water polo is one of the oldest team sports and was included in the Olympic Games in 1900. To stay afloat, athletes use a special technique of moving their legs, somewhat reminiscent, they say, of beating an egg with a mixer. Water polo players are considered the most athletic athletes.
Players attempt to throw the ball into their opponents' goal over four 7-minute periods. If a player breaks a rule within 4 meters of the goal, his team is penalized with a 4-meter penalty throw. A team receives two points for a win and one point for a draw.

Water polo originated in Great Britain in the late 1860s. The very name “water polo” (English: water polo) arose by analogy with horse polo. Among the predecessors of modern “water polo” was a game in which participants swam astride barrels, pushing off from the bottom with poles, and hit the ball with them - later horse heads and tails were attached to the barrels, hence “polo”. Then they abandoned the barrels, but played no goal: the object of the game was to swim to a boat (or raft) and place the ball there. Over time, the boats were replaced by gates, although the gates, like the goalkeeper who protected them, were located on land - until they moved into the water. In America back then they made do with gates painted on the wall of the pool.

The lack of uniform rules caused a lot of inconvenience to the players and slowed down the development of the game. The first water polo rules were developed in 1876 by Scotsman Wills Wilson. In 1885, the English Swimming Federation officially recognized water polo as an independent sport and approved updated rules (which, however, were also far from perfect and determined only general - mainly organizational - aspects of the game). And 5 years later the first international match took place, in which the England team lost to the Scots 0:4 (and in the following games 1890-1900 Scotland won more often).

The international recognition of water polo has been rapid. Very soon it gained fans in continental Europe (Germany, Sweden, Austria and other countries) and the USA, and already in 1900 the new game became an Olympic sport. At first (in 1900 - 1904), water polo was presented at the Olympics as a demonstration discipline, and at the 1908 Olympics it was included in the official program. During the games in London, the International Amateur Swimming Federation (FINA) was created, which approved international rules for several water sports, including water polo. This, as well as Olympic recognition, contributed to the further spread of the game and strengthening contacts between water polo players from different countries. In the late 1920s, the International Water Polo Committee was created under this federation.

At first, this sport was considered and was only for men, but then women began to enjoy it as well. And now not only men participate in the Olympic Games.

Rules of the game: only 14 people must participate in the game, each team has 7. You must play four periods of 7 minutes of pure time with breaks that should last 2 minutes. You can swim in any way, but you can only throw with one hand; only the goalkeeper can play with both.

If the rules were broken, then either the ball was passed to the opponent, or the participant who broke the rules was removed “from the field of battle”, or he had to throw a 4-meter free throw.

MY OPINION

Water polo is like football, only in the water and goals are scored there too.

Diving

The history of diving begins many centuries before the present day. Paintings on ancient monuments, stones and vases depicting a man jumping into water have been preserved. Diving began to develop in the 17th century, when gymnasts, practicing exercises, did it over water. The first who began to take swimming seriously were the British. The first diving competitions began to be held after 1800.

Diving is included in the program. To the program diving included for the first time onand since then they have been constantly present at the Olympics.

The first diving competitions took place in Russia in 1913.

The USSR diving championship was first held in 1923, and since 1928, diving began to be included in the program of all-Union sports competitions.

In 1952, the All-Union Diving Federation was formed (before that, a special section operated within the structure of the USSR Swimming Federation). That same year, Soviet jumpers made their debut at the Olympic Games.

At the competitions, springboard (1 and 3 meters) and platform (5, 7.5 and 10 meters) jumps are performed. During the jump, athletes perform a number of acrobatic actions (turns, screws, rotations). The judges evaluate both the quality of performance of acrobatic elements in the flight phase and the cleanliness of entry into the water. At synchronized jumping competitions, the synchronization of the elements performed by two participants is also assessed.

Synchronized jumping appeared in the Games program in. Currently, the Olympic program includes 8 sets of medals, 4 sets each are played out for men and women in 3-meter springboard diving (singles and synchronized) and 10-meter platform (singles and synchronized). The program of the World and European Championships consists of 10 competitions, additionally including individual meter springboard jumping.

Synchronized jumps. Synchronized jumping was first demonstrated in the early 1970s at demonstration performances. The initiators of the “pair jumps” were Soviet athletes.

Women made their debut at the Olympics in 1912 - in platform diving. Since 1920 they have also competed in ski jumping.

Projectiles:

Springboard– a special spring board 4.8 m long and 0.5 m wide, one end of which is fixed to the side of the pool. When jumping from a springboard, the athlete first swings on it and then pushes off powerfully, receiving additional acceleration from the springboard. It has an anti-slip coating along its entire length. Installed at a height of 1 or 3 m above the water level.

Tower– a structure with several platforms at different heights: 1, 3, 5, 7.5 and 10 m. The width of each platform is 2, the length is 6 m. The edge of the platform (as well as the front edge of the springboard) protrudes beyond the edge of the pool no less than by 1.5 m.

Types of jumps:

There are several groups into which all sports jumps are classified -

Racks:

Front (facing the water);

Rear (back to the water);

Handstand.

Availability of run-up:

Standing jump;

Running jump.

Body position:

Bent over - straight legs connected together;

Bent over - the torso is bent at the waist, legs are straight;

In a tuck, the knees are pulled together towards the body, the hands clasp the lower part of the legs.

Turns and screws:

Half-turn - a jump with body rotation around the transverse axis by 180 degrees;

Turn - a jump with body rotation around the transverse axis by 360 degrees, Half-screw - a jump with body rotation around the longitudinal axis by 180 degrees;

Screw - a jump with body rotation around the longitudinal axis by 360 degrees.

MY OPINION

Diving is very interesting, I even jumped into the water myself.

Rowing

The history of the development of kayaking and canoeing is rich in large and small events. This story begins many millennia BC - from the time when a person dared to go out onto the water, using a tree, a bunch of twigs or reeds as a means of transportation along it. At first, the role of oars and rudder was performed by arms or legs, later by branches.

In 1867, the Royal English Canoe Club organized the first canoe regatta, and in 1874 established prizes for the winners of the annual Challenge Cup rowing regattas and sailing canoe competitions. By 1885, kayaking competitions in many parts of Europe, where rowing clubs had been established by that time, took the form of official regattas.

In Russia, the first rowing club was organized by residents of the Neva coastal strip in St. Petersburg, who had been involved in the “Sailor of All Trades” rowing club since 1858. In 1860, this circle received an official charter and was renamed the St. Petersburg River Yacht Club, which developed rowing on academic and folk vessels and kayaks.
The specificity of the development of kayak rowing in Russia (and then in the USSR) was in parallel with the development of the so-called folk rowing (on boats and half-boats, the construction of which began in the 60s in St. Petersburg). The river yacht club held competitions almost every year on the Neva and its delta on the Middle Nevka. The first such competitions, on July 31, 1860, involved prototypes of kayaks - “water skis”, which were rowed while sitting on a raised platform with a long kayak oar. Wooden kayaks of clinker construction first participated in these competitions in 1871 (among men). Since 1885, women began to start in the races.

MY OPINION

Kayaking and canoeing is an interesting sport and I also want to try it.

Surfing

The history of surfing began in the Hawaiian Islands hundreds, maybe even thousands of years ago. In those distant times, it was a noble occupation, available to a select few. Hawaiian kings and queens reigned supreme on the water as well as on land. They did everything possible to ensure that surfing was only their exclusive privilege, and that this entertainment was inaccessible to mere mortals.

Attempts by ordinary people to encroach on what was considered the property of kings were cruelly punished by death. It must be said that the first boards were made from solid wood, and only a narrow circle of initiates mastered this art.

Hawaiian royalty could afford to organize wave rides on a grand scale. The giant boards that the kings rode (there were three types for different conditions) ranged from 9 to 18 feet in length (2.7-5.5 m) and were so heavy that they were left on the beach - no one wanted to carry them home and back, and even more so, no one was simply able to steal them. Competitions were held regularly, where heated battles broke out. Hundreds of spectators gathered on the shore, placing bets on the winners.

Surfing wasn't just fun. If the king fell from the board, he certainly fell from the throne. The authority of the ruler was largely influenced by his ability to show himself on the waves. Due to the importance of surfing, the approach to it was appropriate. The priests called upon the most rebellious, long and high waves, using spells, ritual dances, thousand-year-old statistics and signs.

The appearance of white people in Hawaii with their rigid Christian dogmas almost led to the death of surfing, which lost its nobility and prestige. Surfing was part of traditional Hawaiian culture, and for this reason it was declared by God-fearing Christians to be a diabolical activity, worthy of persecution and reproach.

In the 19th century, interest in surfing waned significantly. The sport almost completely disappeared in Tahiti and New Zealand, but continued to exist in Hawaii. The reason for this decline was the arrival of foreigners to the islands, who brought with them their culture, traditions and habits, including sports.

Surfing was born as a pagan rite of conquering the elements. Continued its existence as an attribute of greatness and nobility. Survived its decline as sinful excess. Has been revived as a romantic adventure. It blossomed as the destiny of the strongest and bravest. Then, like many other phenomena, it turned into an industry.

Princess Surfer

In the 90s of the last century, one of the last natural surfers was the Hawaiian princess Ka'iulani. The last representative of the old school of Waikiki (an area on the coast of Hawaii) rode a long board - “olo”. Ka'iulani was the niece of the last representatives of the ruling dynasty in Hawaii and at the same time the daughter of Governor Archibald Cleghorn. Therefore, she went to get higher education in England. Traveling around Europe, the “savage” surprised the local nobility as an outstanding linguist, musician, artist, horseman, swimmer and surfer. The princess did not hesitate to demonstrate her art off the coast of Foggy Albion, revealing this fascinating activity to the high society of Europe.

MY OPINION

I'm interested in surfing and want to learn.

Underwater sports

Underwater sports- a group of water sports that may include speed swimming and diving, underwater orienteering, and shooting sports.

Diving - translated from English means diving, scuba diving. The English word diving has now firmly entered the Russian language and has become popular among submariners. The beginning of mass diving as a form of entertainment and sport was laid by Jacques-Yves Cousteau. It is to him and his friend, the French engineer Gagnan, that we owe the creation of scuba gear. The advent of Jacques Cousteau's autonomous scuba gear is associated with the creation of international federations and associations, which now have millions of fans and enthusiasts all over the world.

The history of the human desire to explore the depths of the sea knows four main “methods” of diving, among which scuba diving was the last to be born. The first was breath-hold diving, also known as free diving and skin diving. These forms of diving are still used for both sporting and commercial purposes (such divers include Japanese and Korean divers or, for example, pearl divers of the Tuamoto archipelago). During skin diving, the diver's air cavities are compressed throughout the dive by increasing water pressure. Each such dive is limited by several factors, among which the most important are the time of holding the breath and the lack of oxygen. As a rule, this is a minute or less.

The next method of diving under water is diving in a chamber - an air bell, box, etc. The chambers made it possible to maintain approximately atmospheric pressure around the diver and prevent water pressure from affecting the human body.

Sailing

Sailing is a competition on sports sailing vessels that are propelled by the wind, or on cruising yachts (hence the name yachting) over various distances along a given route. The origin of navigation and sailing in Russia is associated with the name of Peter I. Although it is reliably known that earlier the peoples inhabiting the current territory of our state were well acquainted with the sail and used small sailing ships for trade relations.

Sailing undoubtedly received its development in those countries where it was convenient to practice this sport based on their geographical location.

The first international sailing union was founded in