Lyudmila Polyukhova
Lesson summary “Where do frosty patterns come from on windows”
Where do frosty patterns come from on windows?
Goals classes:
Enrich children's cognitive level in the field of natural phenomena; - to develop in children the ability to observe - to see the unusual in the ordinary; arouse children's interest in winter natural phenomena; - - to cultivate in children a love for the nature of their native land; to the artistic word (poems, riddles, signs);
Develop visual observation, the ability to notice unusual things in the world around you;
Develop imagination.
Progress of the lesson
Guys, today I will tell you a fairy tale about Winter, but not a simple one, but a magical one. She loves to do miracles. There lived a little Droplet on a big white cloud. She lived alone and was bored. Droplet wanted to see what was there behind the cloud. She decided to jump from the cloud. As soon as she flew down, she suddenly turned into a beautiful Snowflake.
Guys, tell me why the Droplet turned into a Snowflake? (children's answers). Let's remember what happens to water in winter? (children's answers).
Now listen to the poem and tell me what I will tell you about today.
This morning I couldn’t take my eyes off the glass.
Here again he gave me his surprise
This fabulous artist Freezing. A miracle appeared before me -
Artist frosty fruit of creation
He's not just painting something there,
And he draws a fairy tale on the window.
What will I tell you about today? (children's answers). Guys, I suggest you see what there are patterns(view presentation « Frosty patterns on the window» ).
Every winter we have miracles happen in windows, appear of incredible beauty patterns! It was always interesting where do they come from, and who draws them?
The wonderful pictures that appear may resemble palm forests, garlands of flowers, or branches of fir trees. How do these bizarre frosty patterns on the windows?
Guys, what do you think? Frost draws these patterns?
(Children's opinions: Blows cold on the glass, like magic, throws on snowflake windows, and they stick to the window.)
Actually from the cold, frosty air, droplets of water that are present in the air settle on the cold glass, freeze and turn into pieces of ice, similar to the thinnest needles, which spread in different directions along the glass. During a cold night, many, many of them are formed, they seem to grow on each other.
friend. And in the end they turn out different patterns and drawings, in which you can even see the outlines of familiar objects. Here, it turns out, is how they are formed Frost patterns, and the artist here, without a doubt, is Freezing. The result is such beauty that you can’t tell it in a fairy tale or describe it with a pen. By the way, in Germany Frost patterns on glass that’s what they call it – "ice flowers".
The patterns are different: some are formed at the bottom window, others - in the form of narrow strips of frost, which will be the stem of the plant.
One girl decided to watch how Frost patterns. "It's time frosty morning. When I woke up, I looked out the window. The icy ice on the glass sparkled whimsically in the sun. patterns that I drew on the window freezing. It's hard to believe that all this was drawn without the help of human hands. It is especially beautiful when a ray of sunlight falls on the window, then the whole picture sparkles. Watching the snowy patterns, I noticed that they colored: sometimes blue in cloudy weather, sometimes yellow in the sun, sometimes pink and purple at sunset. In the evening, when it becomes completely dark outside the window and the glass looks black, frosty patterns sparkle like stars.
Interesting I also saw patterns on the windows of my dad’s car.. The glass seems to be covered with a coat of ice needles. Let's go, glass frozen, dad doesn’t like it, but for me the most beautiful picture is drawn on the glass.”
Is it for everyone? Frosty patterns appear on the windows? It turns out not. Patterns do not appear on the window if the window is open. With high-quality glass sealing, patterns do not appear on the glass, because there is no temperature difference. Patterns on glass are short-lived - the sun begins to warm up, and Frost patterns become less clear, blur and flow down the glass in streams of water. They disappear forever.
About frosty patterns are signs, riddles and poems. Once upon a time
frosty patterns people defined weather:
If the branches patterns directed downwards the weather will be snowy and cloudy;
If up – clear and sunny (showing illustrations frosty patterns) .
Guess the riddles:
Everything turned white during the night, the wind blew, and freezing
And there is a miracle in our apartment! Brought snow to us from the north.
Outside the window the yard disappeared. Only since then
A magical forest has grown there! On my glass.
Poem:
Without waiting for the warmth,
In the middle of a winter day,
The flowers have bloomed
On my window.
I approached the flowers
My cheek became wet
Because of window
I touched lightly.
I approached the flowers
But they didn't smell.
Why did they grow up?
On winter days?
But Frost patterns you can draw it yourself, special paints are even sold for this and other options for painting glass are offered (toothpaste, white gouache or artificial snow). But none of the people can do it as intricately, as magically as nature can do it (or Grandfather Freezing) .
Guys, what interesting things did you learn today? What did you like most? What signs do you remember? Tell your parents about them.
On frosty days, stunning ice patterns appear on the windows in the form of extraordinary stars, fancy curls, fabulous trees and flowers. In order for ice gardens to bloom on the windows, it is necessary that the air in the room be humid and the temperature outside the window be below zero.
Why do frosty patterns appear on the window?
Everyone remembers the parable that Santa Claus draws frosty patterns on the window. He quietly creeps up to the window at night and paints unique frosty pictures on it with a thin icy brush. In fact, everything is much more prosaic. If the air in the room is humid, and the temperature outside is zero degrees Celsius or lower, then excess moisture condenses on the cold surface of the glass. Here the water vapor cools and changes from a vapor to a solid state, forming thin crystals.How ice crystals form
Any glass that looks perfect has microscopic nicks and scratches. The moisture that settles on the surface of the glass crystallizes first of all on these tiny defects, and only then more and more cling to the first crystals, forming patterns. Sometimes, for the appearance of icy patterns, all it takes is dust particles that litter the surface of the glass, or stains that remain after washing the windows. Drafts and air currents also contribute to the appearance of patterns. According to the method of formation, frost patterns are divided into two types: dendrites - branchy patterns that resemble trees, and trichites, which are more like stars.Tree-like dendrites
Dendrites form at the bottom of the glass, where the water layer is thicker. Here wide trunks of frosty patterns appear, on which thinner branches gradually grow. The dendrites in the lower part of the glass are wide and thick, and in the upper part they are narrower and thinner. This frosty pattern resembles the thicket of an impenetrable fairytale forest.Trichite star patterns
If there are a lot of nicks, dust particles and scratches on the glass, then trichites appear on it - frosty patterns that look like stars. First, the epicenter of the pattern—a speck of dust or a jagged surface—freezes, and then other crystals join it, like rays. As a result, frosty patterns look like a cluster of snowflakes or. When the temperature outside the window drops, trichites form dense ice fibers.When patterns don't appear on windows
If the air humidity in the room is low and the window has good thermal insulation, then condensation does not form on the glass and frosty patterns do not appear. That is why ice paintings, so familiar to residents of houses with old wooden windows, do not spoil residents of apartments with high-quality plastic windows.With the arrival of winter, we often see magical patterns forming on our windows, which sometimes create landscapes of extraordinary beauty. Even in childhood, we were told that these amazing pictures are painted at night, with his magic brush, by none other than Santa Claus. And, despite the fact that this is a fairy tale, it makes your soul light and warm.
What are frosty patterns? Frost patterns are a collection of tiny ice crystals. Scientists have found that the types of lace painting on windows are very diverse - their number reaches several million. A variety of pictures can be depicted on the windows: flowers, trees, leaves, animals, people, birds, etc. This is such delicate work that even the jewelers themselves would be jealous.
Today, there is not a single person who would not contemplate this magnificent and mysterious phenomenon. But few people asked the question: how and why does this happen?
In reality, these unusually magical frosty patterns on glass arise from the condensation of water vapor. As you know, at sub-zero temperatures, water begins to crystallize, which is what happens on the windows.
The main reason for the appearance of ice crystals is very high humidity and cooling of glass for a long time.
As mentioned above, there are a very large number of varieties of ice patterns, but most often you can find patterns of tree-like forms (dendrites) and fibrous forms (trichites). However, all types of winter landscapes appear on our windows due to different conditions of formation, state and cooling of water vapor.
It has been recorded that at temperatures ranging from zero to minus 6 degrees inclusive, lace patterns appear on the glass in the form of a uniform layer of loose ice. The first ice crystals form in the smallest chips and cracks, after which they gradually begin to grow over the entire surface, creating fantastic patterns on the windows.
Scientists have found that dendrites appear on glass under conditions of very high humidity and sufficiently warm room temperature. Initially, a thin film of water appears on the windows and only then crystallization occurs, because in the lower part of the window there is a larger layer of water. This is where amazing frosty paintings are created. But when there is a lack of moisture, miniature dendrites appear on the windows. Along the sharp edges of glass, where cracks or chips often form, trichites usually form.
Although the magnificent frosty patterns on the windows reduce the transmission of sunlight from our glass, they are still extremely fantastic. If someone does not like such masterpieces, then this can be easily prevented. To do this, you just need to place a container of salt on the windowsill and then the patterns will not appear. With the advent of metal-plastic windows, it became very difficult to see such beauty, because along with this came the appearance of energy-saving glass, whose degree of thermal insulation is much higher than that of ordinary glass.
Tropical summer landscape Draws a cold on the window Why does it need roses? Apparently this is Winter yearning for spring. (D. Kedrin)
Project topic: “Why do frosty patterns appear on windows in winter?”
Purpose of the study: to find out why bizarre frosty patterns often appear on windows in winter.
Objectives: study the literature and select interesting information about how frosty patterns appear on windows; find out why frost patterns come in different shapes; observe the appearance and disappearance of frosty patterns on the windows; draw conclusions and summarize the results of observations.
Hypothesis: Suppose that the shape of snow patterns can predict the weather.
How do snow patterns appear on windows?
In winter, the air near the window glass becomes very cold and some of the water vapor from it settles on the cold glass in the form of ice crystals. Then these crystals begin to branch and grow, “drawing” snow (frost) patterns on the glass.
In order for crystallization to begin, the first ice crystals need to settle on something. Let it be a speck of dust. Or a trace from a rag used to wipe the windows.
Date of observation Time of observation Air temperature What interesting things were observed 01/01/2016 10.00 -12 0 Frosty patterns formed on the veranda. 01/14/2016 9.30 -10 0 There are patterns on the window of the 3rd floor of the school. They look like a fluffy spruce branch 01/15/2016 12.00 -22 0 On the 2nd floor of the school, frosty patterns look like the feathers of strange birds. 01/16/2016 9.35 -20 0 New intricate patterns appeared on the window in the classroom. 01/21/2016 7.40 -17 0 In the classroom, I looked at a pattern that looked like a bird. 01/28/2016 7.45 -7 0 Some patterns on the window of the 3rd floor of the school have disappeared. Frost Pattern Observation Chart
Do frosty patterns appear on all windows?
Patterns do not appear on the window if the window is open. Frosty patterns cannot appear on a double-glazed window Previously, when the stove was stopped in the evening, the glass temperature dropped below 2 degrees. Droplets of water froze on it.
What types of frosty patterns are there?
Dendrites (tree-like formations). Dendrides are formed if the air humidity is increased, and the cooling of the glass began at a positive temperature and continued with a further decrease in temperature.
Dendrites on the mirror of our car
Trichites (fibrous forms). Trichitis occurs on glass precisely when there are many scratches, nicks and specks of dust.
Trichitis on the window in my dad's car.
Frosty patterns on the car
When do marvelous pictures of ice crystals form?
When there is a sudden cold snap, the temperature of the windows becomes lower than the air temperature in the room. Warm water vapor in the humid air in the room settles on them. A thin, almost invisible layer of water appears on the glass.
Folk signs: if the branches of the patterns were directed downward, the weather will be snowy and cloudy; if up - clear and sunny. straight patterns foreshadow even greater cold, oblique ones - thaws, and more intricate patterns - snowfall.
Analysis of observations and conclusions The goal that I set for myself has been achieved. I found out why bizarre ice patterns often appear on windows in winter. I made the following conclusions: Frosty patterns on glass are large ice crystals growing from water vapor at the border of heat and cold; The type of pattern on the surface of the glass depends on the temperature inside and outside the room, the humidity in the room, the thickness of the glass and the contamination of its surface.
Analysis of observations and conclusions With high-quality glass sealing, patterns do not appear on the glass, because no temperature difference. Frosty patterns do not form on modern windows (double glazed windows). My observations support the hypothesis that the shape of snow patterns can predict the weather.
Vologda lace
Literature and Internet sources Likum A., Shalaeva G.P., Encyclopedia "Everything about Everything" Publisher: Klyuch-S, Slovo, 1994-2001. Sergeev I.S., How to organize project activities of students, M., “Arkti”, 2006. http://seasons-goda.rf/frost%20patterns.html http://ru.wikipedia.org http://www.booksite.ru/ http://vologda-portal.ru/
Thank you for your attention!
Remember how, as children, we clung to the windows on which the frost drew fancy patterns? How interesting it was to look at them and find the outlines of fantastic colors in each, come up with fairy-tale scenes, or simply run your finger along the arcs, lines and bends. Where did these frosty patterns come from?
Moving from the language of romance to the language of science, frosty patterns are nothing more than frosting of the inner surface of the glass. During the cold season, the air temperature near the windows is always lower than in the room. Cold air cannot hold as much moisture as warm air. Therefore, its excess falls out as frost. If the temperature of the glass is below zero, water settles on it in the form of ice crystals from the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid phase. These crystals (frost) cover the glass with a thin layer.
But where does the drawing itself come from? It is formed due to two factors. The first is the movement of air inside the room. The second is the features of the glass surface. Any scratch, dust, fingerprint allows you to create your own unique pattern on frosty glass. The most common structures of frost patterns are dendrites and trichites. Dendrites - tree-like structures - are formed if the cooling of glass began at a positive temperature and continued at a negative temperature. In this case, a thin film of water forms on the glass, which freezes in the form of dendrites during crystallization.
Trichites - fibrous structures - form on the sharp edges of scratches found on glass. In this case, narrow parallel stripes are first formed, and as a result of further cooling, peculiar “fibers” come off from them. In modern double-glazed windows, thermal insulation prevents frost from drawing patterns on the glass. It is with great pleasure that we look at the windows on which we see winter paintings, remembering the happy moments of our childhood. Do you also like to look at winter art on glass?
