Now I’ll talk about the evil sun, photoaging, vitamin D and the obsession with SPF... You can draw your own conclusions.

“The sun hates your skin. This is true. The sun is always trying to destroy your skin and shorten your life. Your skin hates the sun. The sun makes her look older than she actually is.” – This is how an article about protecting the skin from the sun begins on one of the American dermatological sites (in my translation).

And this is hard for many to believe, but it is true. Now I’ll talk about the evil sun, photoaging, vitamin D and the obsession with SPF... You can draw your own conclusions.

Photoaging and belief in the “Evil Sun”.

If you think that the sun is a friend, I understand you so well (this is knowledge from my past life)... You can join our belief in the “evil sun” unconditionally and immediately ONLY by unexpectedly spending a lot of time in the sun. I don't mean 2 weeks of vacation. I mean living for a year in a country or city where the sun is much closer to the earth and where there is much more of it and the climate is drier than in your place of residence. One of my friends recently believed in the “evil sun”just like that, checking it out for yourself.

And this, in a nutshell, is my story too. After a year of living in Montenegro after central Russia, you look in the mirror - and there! Ta-dam! Fine wrinkles deepened, hints of new, new moles appeared on the body (many moles), the skin became drier.

If you are not yet a member of our “Evil Sun” club, then the following information will be very useful for you. For the rest, refresh your memory. Photoaging has long been a well-known term in cosmetology and among the general public. I'll say it in my own words:

Photoaging is the effect of skin withering, which occurs as a result of long-term exposure to ultraviolet rays.

You look older than your age. Older than your skin would look without any care other than sun protection. On young skin the effect is less noticeable, but this does not mean that it will not appear in the long term.

Rays of aging from Darth Vader.

Before we discuss all the terrible effects of UV rays, let's dissect them a little. Imagine that there are billions of malevolent Darth Vaders living on the Sun (Captain Obvious believes that Vader is the perfect villain who illustrates a ruthless attack from space). Each of them has in their hands a control panel for the “aging ray,” which will definitely fry and destroy you if Vader is allowed to increase the intensity and duration of the beam.

Darth Vader from the Sun monitors all your movements in the open air (at any time of the year) during daylight hours and hits your skin with an “aging ray” every time the skin is open. The only salvation is a product with a protection factor against the “rays of aging” from the sun, or SPF or SPF.

To complicate things a little...

...then sunlight is a wave (I don’t even want to remember the carpuscular-wave dualism), and the Sun emits waves of different length ranges: visible light (what the eyes perceive), infrared radiation (what is perceived as heat) and in the shortest range – UV (ultraviolet) radiation.

And here the most interesting thing begins for us. Because the ultraviolet spectrum is also divided into 3 parts. UV-A, UV-B, UV-C.

The UV-C range contains the shortest waves, they are the most powerful and dangerous, but are completely delayed in the stratosphere.

UV-B is already weaker, but these waves are longer and reach the Earth, passing through the ozone layer (which is getting thinner and thinner for us, so our mothers were luckier, and therefore not all of them knew that we need to teach us to protect ourselves from the sun). The ozone layer should absorb up to 90% of these rays, but nevertheless, UV-B rays penetrate the top layer of the skin (epidermis), causing damage and chronically damaged skin conditions. did everyone get burned? or are there lucky ones?

Facts about UV-B rays that are useful to know:

• UV-B does not penetrate glass
• UV-B is most active from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m.
• 70% of the annual exposure to UV-B occurs in the summer months (more sun, more UV)

And finally, UV-A! The weakest rays, but easily penetrating into the deep layers of the skin (dermis) ... They are the ones that lead to changes that cause photoaging and skin cancer.

Facts about UV-A rays that are useful to know:

• the ozone layer does not affect UV-A rays (no protection)
• the intensity of UV-A radiation is more constant than UV-B, and does not depend on the time of day and season (note to housewives)
• UV-A penetrates through glass (Please, don’t panic and want to write “why shouldn’t you go near the window?!”, just accept the facts as they are. I’m not calling for anything).

What happens in the skin under the influence of UV rays?

Signs of photoaging are thickening of the stratum corneum (solar keratosis), the appearance of pigmented
spots (lentigines), accumulation of atypical collagen fibers in the skin (elastosis) and collagen degradation. The deeply wrinkled faces of South American Indians and Australian farmers are a vivid illustration of photoaging. – From the book “Cosmetology”, ed. L.A. Hejazi

And this also applies to solariums.

SPF vs vitamin D. Who's right?

This is also worth discussing. The sun is like Stalin and communism. There was something good about them, if you dug into them. We won’t talk about the good mood and antidepressant effects of sunlight, it’s not our topic. We are more about radiation than light.

Solar radiation promotes the body's production of vitamin D. The vitamin is needed to maintain normal levels of calcium and phosphorus in the blood. There are also studies that show that vitamin D helps prevent osteoporosis, high blood pressure, and immune diseases.

Two types of vitamin D are important and necessary for humans:

• D2 – it is obtained from plants
• D3 – produced as a result of exposure to UV radiation and found in food

These vitamins can also be obtained at the pharmacy. D3 often comes with calcium, because... helps its absorption. Therefore, the question of the need for tanning for life is becoming less and less relevant.

However, let's go into a little more detail. On one side of the scale is vitamin D, on the other is skin cancer (melanoma is the most dangerous of them) and photoaging.

Another funny quote from an article from an American dermatology site: “Exposure to UV radiation can not only kill you, but can also make you look bad.”

Vitamin D obtained from foods works just as well as solar radiation. You should look for vitamin D in salmon, sardines, egg yolk, and shiitake mushrooms.

What do we do with all this and how to protect ourselves without going crazy.

When discussing cosmetics with friends, I always point out that it (day cream, foundation, powder) should have a sun protection factor! Few people pay attention to this, and convincing someone of the need for sun protection is simply terribly difficult. That's why I'm going to spend a lot of time trying to convince you to take sun protection seriously. It's like turning into a vampire. 🙂 I hope to convert my sister before it’s too late.

So, daily trips outside should be accompanied by a good mood and products with SPF on all exposed areas of the skin. The sun is reflected from almost everything in a modern city (asphalt, cars, glass, shop windows), so don’t take risks, buy a cream or other usual product with SPF of at least 15. This won’t change the care much, it won’t take more time, it’s a painless procedure :) . Don't forget about sunglasses.

I’ll tell you separately about the products themselves, the protection factor, pitfalls and slippery moments, what to look for in the composition, what doesn’t work and how to choose, because you can already wrap mummies in this sheet. Now I just want to bring this to its logical conclusion.

Sun protection products should be used all year round during the daytime. In the winter season, the SPF may be less, in the summer more, and even more for tanning. Cloudy weather also occurs during the daytime. SPF is not needed only in those moments when objects on the street are difficult to see without artificial lighting.

The closer you are to the sun, the more you are exposed to its influence. Therefore, when heading to the mountains or to the south, increase your sun protection and apply Sunscreen (your sun protection) more often. Passing through the atmosphere every 1000 meters, UV rays lose 20% of their power. The lower, the safer.

Remember that water, snow and other mirrored surfaces reflect the sun's rays, so the chance of getting burned increases.

Love yourself, your body and protect it from the harmful sun. Let's love the Sun correctly :)

What do we know about and their effects on our skin? In order to understand this rather complex issue, let's try to find out more information about these rays. There are three types of rays: UVA, UVB and UVC.

What is the difference between UVA and UVB rays?

UVC rays

These are very short waves, and they do not reach the Earth, being filtered by the atmosphere. Therefore, we have nothing to worry about them.

- What is infrared radiation?

Skin cancer is caused by damage caused by the sun. Adequate skin protection is recommended. A dermatological examination is required: any skin changes should be reported to a doctor immediately. If you have any concerns about any symptoms, we recommend contacting your doctor or dermatologist.

Number of pages in printed magazine: 115 a 22. The incidence of skin cancer is increasing every year, and the cause is mostly widely known: overexposure to the sun. The sun creates enormous amounts of radiant energy. This radiation travels in the form of waves: the shorter the wavelength, the higher the amount of energy. Most solar radiation that reaches the Earth consists of non-ionizing energy. Ultraviolet rays are responsible for the majority of photochemical changes in the skin.

UVA rays

These are long wavelengths of ultraviolet radiation, 95% of which reach the Earth. They are present in our lives every day, all year round, from the moment the sun rises until it sets. Moreover, UVA rays reach us in any weather, in any climate zone. This is why, although they are weaker than UVB rays, they can cause more damage. They penetrate through clouds, windows, and their penetration into the skin is deeper. Therefore, sunscreen is necessary even indoors and in any weather. So don’t expect that even the highest quality installation of plastic windows will save you from UVA rays. The only thing you need to know is that in any case, it is best to order the installation of plastic windows only from professionals, since they are the ones who can guarantee you the high quality of the work performed and the long service life of the windows.

Latitude: greatest radiation in Ecuador. Season of the year: in summer the radiation is higher because the angle of incidence of the sun during this period is about 90º. Altitude: Radiation is more intense at higher altitudes because there is less atmosphere to absorb it. For every 300 meters of altitude, there is a 4% increase in direct radiation.

Reaction to high blood pressure

A consequence of photo-oxidation of existing melanin. Long-term tanning occurs only after 72 hours of exposure and is due to an increase in tyrosinase activity and the formation of new melanin. Ultraviolet A and B radiation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of photosensitivity diseases such as chronic dermatitis, polymorphic eruption lung, pruritus, photoallergic reactions and phototoxic reactions to drugs. Chronic exposure leads to the development of lentigines, photoepilations, actinic keratoses, basal and squamous cell carcinoma.

UVA rays really surround us constantly and destroy us just as constantly. They not only create a tan on the skin, they are one of the sources of the formation of free radicals (one of the first causes of aging). But photoaging is not the only problem associated with UVA rays. They can cause abnormal cell production, which can later cause cancer.

Physical photoprotectants. Clothing Clothing is a good photoprotection strategy. Fabric construction determines the fiber web and influences the amount of exposed fabric area when tension is applied. Fabrics are made up of fibers from various materials such as cotton, polyester, silk, nylon, etc.

- What is UVA?

The flap should be wide. Ideally, it should also have protection in the ear and back of the head. Makeup The use of foundation and correction, even without sunscreen, gives a protection factor of approximately 3 to 4, and this is due to the presence of pigments. Chronic sun exposure can also lead to cataracts and eye problems.

UVB rays

These are mid-wave ultraviolet radiation. Only 5 percent of them reach the Earth's surface. Some of them are absorbed by clouds, and the other part by the ozone layer. Therefore, as you guessed, holes in the ozone layer are so harmful, they have bad consequences not only for the environment, but also for our skin.

UVB rays are most active from 10 am to 4 pm. The only relief: they do not pass through clouds and windows. But there is bad news: these rays are more powerful than long wavelengths (UVA), and they can cause a lot of harm. This damage is immediately visible - sunburn, as well as abnormal mutations of cells and their development, and as a result, skin cancer.

Since then, new products have been developed that provide broad spectrum protection, water resistance, and fewer side effects such as allergic and irritant dermatitis. In this method, patients are exposed to high-intensity bulbs for one hour.

Photoprotection can be classified as low, medium, high or very high, according to the table. In addition to the protection factor, filters are also evaluated on their merits, i.e. ability to maintain stability, efficiency and resistance to water and flow4.

Now you know why it is important to use broad-spectrum sunscreens. Unfortunately, most creams only protect against one type of ray.

• SPF filters provide protection only from UVB rays. Most sunscreens have such filters.
• IPD and PPD filters provide protection against UVA rays. Be sure to check that your product also includes UVA filters (this is titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, Mexoryl, Tinosorb or Avebenzone).

And don't skimp on a good sunscreen that includes both types of protection. Have a nice holiday!

An ideal filter should also be photochemically stable, dissolve or easily disperse, and remain active in the vehicle. Factors influencing the effectiveness of sunscreens. Several factors influence the effectiveness of sunscreens, with the amount applied being one of the main factors. Due to the typically whiter appearance of physical filters, they are still used in lower quantities than organic filters, resulting in less efficiency.

Filters should be applied 20 minutes before sun exposure and reapplied every two to three hours, which is not always followed, resulting in less effectiveness 23 It is important to initiate sun protection during childhood and adolescence, which studies have shown reduces the incidence of melanoma 78 %.

Hello Makeup Lovers. In this article we will talk about a topic that is relevant during the holiday season - sun protection. It seems like everyone knows and understands that sunbathing recklessly is harmful to health, that the sun’s rays can provoke terrible diseases, that every time you go out into the open sun you need to use a cream with protection from ultraviolet rays, but they still treat it somehow negligently .

Due to the physiological characteristics of infants' skin, as well as absorption and incomplete development of metabolic and excretory systems, the use of sunscreen is not recommended in children under six months of age 25 years, and at this age it is necessary to carry out photoprotection with clothing and shade.

Excessive solar radiation consumes these defense systems and causes acute and chronic skin changes that lead to photoreflection and the risk of skin cancer. Dietary supplements containing specific nutritional ingredients have been developed to improve skin protection.

So, let's take it in order.

What is tanning?

Tanning is a change in the pigmentation of our skin under the influence of ultraviolet rays due to the formation and accumulation of melanin pigment in the lower layers of the skin during exposure to the sun.

What beneficial effects does ultraviolet radiation have on our body?

Under the influence of ultraviolet rays, the formation of vitamin D is activated, which is necessary for the body to absorb calcium and phosphorus, which are “responsible” for strengthening muscles and bones and for healing wounds.

The big challenge is to determine effective and safe nutritional associations and dosages. A multicenter study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of this combination in real-world use. Eighty-six volunteers from 15 dermatology centers were assessed three weeks before and during the summer holidays.

Great strides have been made since the introduction of sunscreens. Substances with photoprotective properties, such as antioxidants, plant extracts, probiotics, with the potential to restore antioxidant and immune defense systems, add results to the prevention of photo-induced dermatoses.

Ultraviolet rays activate most of the processes occurring in the body - breathing, metabolism, blood circulation and the activity of the endocrine system.

Why is ultraviolet radiation dangerous for us? What are UVA and UVB?

There are two ranges of ultraviolet rays that we should protect ourselves from: UVA (alpha rays) and UVB (beta rays).

Currently, recommendations for photoprotection include: They also cause late reactions due to the cumulative effects of radiation over a lifetime, causing skin aging and cellular changes that, through genetic mutations, predispose to skin cancer.

Its incidence increases significantly during the summer, especially between 10 am and 3 pm. It is the main source of cellular changes that cause susceptibility to skin cancer. However, they are able to penetrate into deeper layers. Overexposure to these rays damages the skin over time and contributes to the development of cancer.

UVB radiation leads to burns, while UVA radiation leads to damage to the DNA structure and photoaging.

Ultraviolet rays of group A:

• active regardless of the time of year;
• present everywhere, regardless of altitude or weather;
• penetrates glass, plastic and clothing. Only white clothing can reflect group A ultraviolet rays.

What is SPF?

SPF or Sun Protection Factor in English means sun protection factor.

The first is to avoid sun exposure between 10am and 3pm when the sun is strongest. Also, when you are playing outdoor sports or spending a day at the beach, we must protect ourselves with hats, sunglasses and sunscreen.

The protectors, which form an opaque layer on the body, also act as a physical barrier to reflect sunlight. Over the years, the skin, like all other organs of the body, changes and ages. Such changes lead to loss of elasticity and shine, wrinkles and sagging. But it's not just chronological aging that causes skin changes to appear over the years. External factors such as stress, smoking and most importantly solar radiation influence and accelerate the aging of the skin, leading to a faster change in the appearance of the skin with the appearance of blemishes, roughness, wrinkles and other signs of premature aging.

There are products with different protection factors against the harmful effects of ultraviolet rays. The most common factors are 15, 20, 30, 50.

The protection factor does not mean the degree to which your skin is protected from ultraviolet radiation, but the duration of protection that a product with the specified factor provides you with.

• SPF 15 provides approximately 93.5% protection from harmful ultraviolet rays;
• SPF factor 20 - by 95%;
• SPF factor 30 - by 96.7%;
• SPF 50 factor - 98% (this level of protection can only be achieved by adding chemical filters to the product with the specified protection factor).

How to choose the protection factor you need?

In our climate, we can say with almost a 100% guarantee that we all burn after 10 minutes of exposure to the sun without protection, so the formula for calculating the time of protection is very simple and understandable. See for yourself.

Photoepidemic skin exhibits loss of elasticity, wrinkles, dark or light spots, and surface changes that may become rough and scaly. Aging skin due to natural deterioration of the body has a thinner, slacker appearance with little elasticity and fine wrinkles, but no spots or changes on its surface.

Prevention and treatment

The best way to prevent photography is, again, using sunscreen. The sooner you start taking care of yourself, the better. And anyone who has reached the age of 30 should start soon, since from the age of 30 biological activity begins to decline. Luckily, today we know that we can delay the effects of time by protecting our skin from its most relentless enemy: the sun.

Protection time = SPF level * number of minutes it takes you to burn in the sun without protection

• That is, an SPF level of 15 gives us protection for 150 minutes, with a sunburn time without protection of 10 minutes;
• SPF level 30 - 300 minutes;
• SPF level 40 - 400 minutes;
• and SPF level 50 - 500 minutes.

After the specified time has passed, the protective product should be reapplied.

Aesthetic treatments have been modernized every day. Several methods are used, including peeling. Innovations in the field of aesthetics also include sophisticated apparatus and a variety of massage techniques. Not to mention the constant launches of natural and chemical cosmetic lines.

And remember: for aesthetic skin treatment, always consult a dermatologist. Sunlight consists of electromagnetic radiation of various wavelengths, measured in non-meters. The ozone layer in the atmosphere blocks most ultraviolet C radiation before it reaches the Earth's surface. As the ozone layer decreases, the ultraviolet rays produced by the Sun are not sufficiently blocked by the atmosphere and reach us with greater intensity.

However, despite the fact that SPF 50 in our example provides sun protection for more than 8 hours, it is recommended to reapply the product every 2-3 hours during continuous sun exposure.

And finally, I would like to talk a little about products that provide protection from ultraviolet rays.

Nowadays there are a huge number of products on sale from various cosmetic brands from mass market to luxury brands. Some products have similar compositions, while others promise innovative ingredients. Some products are completely mineral, some smell like strawberries and feel like whipped cream on the skin due to the chemical elements they contain.

Thus, due to reflection, water increases the radiation intensity by 5%, sand and concrete by 17%, and metal surfaces and snow by 85%. This explains why we burn more at the beach than in the pool at home. For every 300 meters in altitude, there is a 4% increase in the amount of radiation reaching the Earth's surface. Of course, the degree of skin pigmentation directly affects the effect that solar radiation has on a person, since only 5% of ultraviolet radiation is reflected by our skin.

The rest is absorbed, dispersed and transmitted. Ultraviolet radiation induces photoproduction and appears to be associated with the development of malignant melanoma. Other sources of ultraviolet radiation include fluorescent lamps, tungsten lamps and tanning chambers and dermatological products. The sun is the main source of energy that allows the existence of life on Earth. We depend on solar radiation for our own metabolism and food. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation.

However, there is one natural mineral (not chemical or organic), the presence of which in cosmetic products with a sun protection factor is highly desirable - titanium dioxide. Titanium dioxide particles reflect alpha and beta rays (UVA and UVB radiation) like a mirror. In the Russian Federation, this mineral is used, among other things, for coloring food products. Look for this mineral in sun protection products. However, remember that the composition of the product is always listed in descending order. That is, if titanium dioxide is listed at the end of the list, its amount in the product is insignificant.

Radiation is important for bone calcification, for the prevention of osteoporosis and rickets. Visible light influences the circadian cycle by causing the release of hormones from the adrenal glands, such as melatonin and endogenous cortisol. Sunlight deprivation can cause a type of winter depression called Seasonal Affective Disorder, which is very common in long winter climes.

We must always be attentive to the sun, which affects our skin, especially in summer, to enjoy nature without spoiling our health. Don't make the sun your enemy because it is known to be good for our body. The danger is excess sun exposure, which causes immediate damage to the skin, some permanent damage and serious damage such as skin cancer. Prevention of excess sun should begin in childhood and adolescence, when the skin is more sensitive to solar radiation because it is younger and thinner.

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About such a concept as ultraviolet radiation, probably everyone knows. These are the well-known UV rays that, when in contact with surfaces for a long time, do terrible things, such as fading paint or burning the skin. The effect of ultraviolet radiation on the skin is unambiguous - it is irreversible aging. Moreover, aging is not in the usual sense, i.e. age-related (or chronoaging). We are talking about photoaging.

What are UVA, UVB and UVC rays and how do they affect our skin?

When studying the phenomenon of “solar activity”, scientists often use terms such as cosmic radiation, galactic and cosmic radiation. They all relate to the rays that our Sun emits and that hit our planet. A huge part of the radiation is reflected by the ozone layer and glaciers, but some still penetrates the atmosphere, reaching the surface of the earth. Fortunately for all life on the planet, this part is negligible compared to what originally came from the Sun. In addition, UV rays that penetrate the atmosphere are still retained in large quantities by oxygen, which absorbs them, turning into ozone.

What remains, what hits the ground, is an uneven flow consisting of several separate waves. First of all, ultraviolet radiation is electromagnetic radiation, so its rays have different wavelengths ranging from 10 to 400 nm. Next comes the division of the rays into 4 groups depending on the wavelength:

. the shortest rays are called extreme ultraviolet (10-121 nm), which is abbreviated EUV/XUV;

. long range - shortwave ultraviolet (120-280 nm) or UVC;

. middle range - mid-wave ultraviolet (280-315 nm) or UVB;

. near range - long-wave ultraviolet (315-400 nm) or UVA.

Extreme and short-wave ultraviolet radiation is completely absorbed by the earth's atmosphere, so people do not need protection from EUV and UVC. UVB rays are absorbed by the atmosphere by 90%, but UVA rays almost completely reach the Earth's surface. Actually, this is why modern cosmetology offers protection against two types of radiation, with the emphasis on protection against UVA rays.

Since UVA and UVB have different radiation intensities, this means that they have different rates of destruction of what they hit. UV rays in direct contact with a surface cause it degradation, this also applies to our skin. Ultraviolet radiation has a share radiation, so it is necessary to protect yourself from it so as not to get at least sunburn. The shorter the wavelength of the rays, the more dangerous the radiation. Those few UVB rays that reach the ground have a negative effect on DNA and are responsible for cell mutation, including the growth of cancerous tumors. UVA rays are not as “toxic”, a little less dangerous, but they make up 90% of the ultraviolet radiation that reaches the surface, and they are responsible for photoaging. What makes them even more dangerous is the phenomenon of reflection from surfaces, which allows the radiation dose to be doubled. During constant and long-term exposure to UVA rays, skin atrophy, the level of collagen in the matrix is ​​reduced and cell turnover is reduced. Fortunately, photoaging can be avoided by protecting yourself from the rays with special sunscreens.

Tanning equipment has become one of the fastest growing industries in the world. This is mainly due to the various benefits it can provide to the user from a medical and aesthetic point of view. The main purpose of tanning beds is to produce an artificial tan for their users. Over the years, tanning technology has been developed to meet the growing need for vitamin D, with sunlight being considered as its main source.

Tanning beds emerged as a useful device for consumers who wanted to tan in the most effective way.

What are the differences between UVA and UVB rays? It is important to first become familiar with the comparison between these two types of UV rays used for tanning. UVA rays are longer wavelengths of ultraviolet rays that penetrate deep into the inner layers of the skin, while UVB rays can penetrate the outermost part of the skin. These types of UV rays can provide comparative results to the consumer. UVB Tanning beds create shorter wavelengths of ultraviolet rays to increase the production of melanin, the brown pigment from our skin. UVA tanning beds on the other hand are used to maintain melanin production to achieve desired tanning results. It can also penetrate into the deeper layers of the skin such as spinush.

Although both types of tanning beds can produce controlled UV light, it performs its functions separately. UBA Tanning salons can be used for longer tanning sessions, while UVB. Tanning beds are limited to short sessions due to the higher risk of burning. UVA humidifiers are equipped with adjustable solar lamps and a frequency ballast to control the machine's UV emissions. Modern bed designs can emit an average of 93% to 99% UVA radiation, or three times the UVA radiation from the sun. UVB beds, on the other hand, have a variety of low and high pressure solar lamps that produce faster radiation depending on a person's tanning desires. Another difference between the two is the appearance on the skin. UVA moisturizing beds give a more tanned complexion, while UVB is responsible for bringing melanin to the surface of the skin. In addition to frequent use of these beds, UVA beds can give you skin problems such as immature skin aging, rashes and wrinkles, while UVB can lead to more serious health problems such as skin cancer.

The leather industry continues to develop a combination of UVA and UVB to meet both tanning requirements. It is always recommended to tan in a moderate way, whether the goals are to improve the appearance of the skin, acquire sufficient nutrients for vitamin D, or gain the comfort of an internal tan. Most sunrooms built today provide competitive results based on comfortable bed design, lower electrical usage and environmentally friendly lamps. Manufacturers believed that moderate use of the beds produced safer results. There is still a long debate between the industry and clinical studies that say overexposure to radiation can lead to more serious skin health problems.

Briefly from the discussion, the main differences between UVA and UVB tanning are as follows: 1. Penetrating effects of ultraviolet rays on our skin 2. Skin color results based on doses received by each bed type 3. Skin damage from overexposure 4. Type of ultraviolet rays produced by the tanning machine 5. Time period in each session

UVA rays, which reach the surface of the earth all year round and even through clouds, make up 95% of all ultraviolet radiation. They penetrate clouds, glass and the epidermis. Unlike UVB rays, they act painlessly, however, they penetrate very deeply into the skin and reach the dermal cells. The rays provoke the synthesis of free radicals, and their effects are felt subsequently:

• photoaging: a change in the direction of elastin and collagen fibers, as a result of which the skin loses its elasticity and wrinkles appear;
• hypersensitivity to the sun, more often called allergies (redness, itching, summer solar dermatitis);
• pigmentation disorders (mask of pregnancy, age spots);
• skin cancer

UVB RAYS: B AS IN THE WORDS "BURNS" OR "BRONZED SKIN"

UVB rays make up 5% of all ultraviolet radiation that reaches the earth's surface. They contain a large amount of energy, and some of it is blocked by clouds and glass. These rays can penetrate the epidermis. Thanks to them, people not only tan, but also get burned, allergies appear, and skin cancer can develop. This is why it is important to protect your skin from both UVA and UVB rays.